Tunnel automatic monitoring and measurement equipment and method based on fixed-point tour measurement

A tunnel automatic monitoring and measurement method based on a fixed-point tour measurement, comprising following steps:

• s1:
• setting a plurality of sets of monitoring sections on a surface of a tunnel support structure, and setting a plurality of monitoring points on each of the plurality of sets of monitoring sections, wherein longitudinal positions of adjacent monitoring points are in one-to-one correspondences, and wherein the monitoring points on the plurality of sets of monitoring sections constitute a plurality of monitoring lines;
• s2:
• obtaining coordinate information of relevant monitoring points at different time points through a tour monitoring method of a tunnel automatic monitoring and measuring equipment;
• coordinate data acquisition and calculation steps of the relevant monitoring points are as follows:
• s2.1:
• according to requirements of on-site construction, formulating relevant monitoring programs;
• s2.2:
• moving a monitoring trolley to a suitable position and parking the monitoring trolley, adjusting positions of each of a plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices installed on the monitoring trolley to make sure that the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices correspond to corresponding monitoring lines one by one, and numbering each of the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices, obtaining absolute coordinate values (xQm, yQm, zQm) of each of the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices by a total station, wherein the xQm, yQm, zQm are the absolute coordinate values of an automatic tracking and identification device Q of the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices in x, y and z directions of a tunnel measurement coordinate system after an m-th shift of the monitoring trolley, respectively;
• s2.3:
• aligning a laser ray of each of the plurality of automatic tracking identification devices with a corresponding monitoring line, and adjusting a vertical deflection angle α of each of the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices from zero to 90 degrees, as a result of that, an initial lateral deflection angle β of each of the plurality of monitoring lines is obtained;
• s2.4:
• starting a cycle monitoring work, adjusting the vertical deflection angle α of each of the plurality of automatic tracking and identification devices from 90 degrees to zero, wherein in this process, monitoring information of a reflective marking of corresponding monitoring point is captured and a laser point measurement is performed on the corresponding monitoring point, recording monitoring information of a reflective marking of a monitoring section Dn measured by the automatic tracking and identification device Q when the monitoring trolley is in an m-th displacement position and an i-th cycle of monitoring, wherein the monitoring information comprises:
• Dn−(xQm+aQmin,yQm+bQmin,zQm+cQmin)−TQmin
• wherein (xQm, yQm, zQm) is an absolute coordinate of the automatic tracking and identification device Q after the monitoring trolley moves its position in an m-th time,
• aQmin, bQmin and cQmin are monitoring variables corresponding to the x, y and z directions, respectively;
• aQmin=LQmin×cos αQmin sin βQmin,
• bQmin=LQmin×cos αQmin cos βQmin,
• cQmin=LQmin×sin αQmin,
• LQmin is a laser ray length;
• αQmin is a vertical deflection angle;
• βQmin is a transverse deflection angle;
• and
• TQmin is a monitoring time;
• s3:
• extracting required initial support deformation data by calculating coordinate information of specific monitoring points at different time points;
• and
• s4:
• formulating a corresponding support structure deformation risk criteria, as well as corresponding early warning levels, and automatic emergency measures.