A 3D printing material comprising at least one thermoplastic matrix polymer and embedded in the at least one thermoplastic matrix polymer, a composite material containing at least one photocatalyst selected from the group consisting of TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, WO3, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnO, NiO, and mixtures thereof, and at least one phyllosilicate selected from the group consisting of hectorite, bentonite, montmorillonite, muscovite, illite, kaolinite, halloysite, palygorskite, vermiculite, and mixtures thereof, wherein the 3D printing material is in a form of a granulate, a filament, or rods, and the 3D printing material contains 10 to 60 weight % of the at least one photocatalyst and 5 to 40 weight % of the at least one phyllosilicate, relative to the total weight of the 3D printing material.