System and method for measuring total blood volume with ultrasound

A system for monitoring a blood volume of a patient, the system comprising:

• an ultrasound transmitter configured for emitting an ultrasound toward a target blood vessel of the patient;
• an ultrasound receiver configured for receiving the ultrasound reflected from the target blood vessel of the patient;
• and
• a controller configured for:
• obtaining a 5D M-mode ultrasound dataset of the target blood vessel, wherein dimensions of the 5D M-mode ultrasound dataset are a two-dimensional image plane comprising a depth dimension and a lateral location dimension, time, a tilt angle, and a rotation angle;
• determining an expanded state of the target blood vessel based on the 5D M-mode ultrasound dataset of the target blood vessel and a machine learning algorithm without determining a 3D shape representing a volume of the target blood vessel;
• determining a collapsed state of the target blood vessel based on the 5D M-mode ultrasound dataset of the target blood vessel and the machine learning algorithm without determining the 3D shape representing the volume of the target blood vessel;
• determining a ratio of the collapsed state and the expanded state of the blood vessel;
• and
• determining the blood volume of the patient based on the ratio of the collapsed state and the expanded state of the blood vessel.