Methods of growing large crystals of all-inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic cesium lead bromide perovskites from solution
AssigneeNorthwestern University
InventorsMercouri G. Kanatzidis, Yucheng Liu, Lei Pan
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Abstract
Methods of growing large, free-standing single crystals of (FAxCs1-x)PbBr3 perovskites, where 0≤x<1, in solution using tertiary or ternary alkyl ammonium salts, weak organic acids, or a combination thereof are provided. By including the additives in a crystallization solution with perovskite precursors, larger single crystals can be grown by slow evaporation or inverse temperature crystallization than would possible in the absence of the additives under the same growth conditions.
Claims10
A method for growing a perovskite single-crystal having the formula (FAxCs1-x)PbBr3, where 0≤x<1, the method comprising:
- forming a crystallization solution comprising:
- one or more (FAxCs1-x)PbBr3 perovskite precursors;
- and
- one or more alkyl ammonium salts having the formula R(4-x)HxNX, where the Rs are alkyl groups selected from methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups, butyl groups, and combinations thereof, x has a value of 0 or 1, and X is a halide anion, nitrate anion, acetate anion, perchlorate anion, or sulfate anion dissolved in an organic solvent;
- maintaining or ramping up the temperature of the crystallization solution for a time sufficient for the solvent to evaporate and the perovskite precursors to react and form the perovskite single-crystal;
- and
- optionally, transferring the perovskite single-crystal to a fresh batch of crystallization solution and maintaining or ramping up the temperature of the fresh crystallization solution for a time sufficient for the solvent to evaporate and the perovskite precursors to react and increase the size of the perovskite single-crystal;
- wherein the perovskite single-crystal has at least one lateral dimension of 6 mm or greater and has a square shape or a rectangular shape with a rectangle aspect ratio of 3:1 or less.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.