Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system

A method of evaluating nerve function via a plurality of neural monitoring modalities, the method comprising:

• applying a first electrical stimulus within a surgical target site of a patient via a first electrode provided on a surgical access instrument during a surgical procedure;
• providing a second electrical stimulus via a plurality of peripheral electrodes acting as stimulating electrodes, the plurality of peripheral electrodes located apart from the surgical target site and the surgical access instrument;
• monitoring neuromuscular activity of the patient via a plurality of peripheral sensors disposed on the patient for an indication of neuromuscular activity, each peripheral sensor of the plurality of peripheral sensors being one of:
• a recording peripheral electrode of the plurality of peripheral electrodes and a mechanical sensor, the recording peripheral electrode being a particular peripheral electrode of the plurality of peripheral electrodes acting as a recording electrode;
• determining a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) measurement based on reception of the second electrical stimulus within the surgical target site by a second electrode applied on the surgical access instrument, and the indication of neuromuscular activity from one or more of the plurality of peripheral sensors;
• providing an indication via a display if the NCV measurement is within a predefined range;
• detecting a neuromuscular response from the indication of neuromuscular activity, the neuromuscular response comprising at least one of a somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) response;
• a motor evoked potential (MEP) response;
• a spontaneous electromyography (EMG) response, a triggered EMG response, or a mechanomyography (MMG) response;
• and
• providing an indication of the detected neuromuscular response via the display.