Electrically conductive proppant and methods for detecting, locating and characterizing the electrically conductive proppant

A method of fracturing a subterranean formation, comprising:

• determining an amount of hydraulic fluid to inject into a wellbore extending into the subterranean formation at a rate sufficient to open a subterranean fracture therein;
• injecting the hydraulic fluid into the wellbore to prop open the subterranean fracture, the hydraulic fluid including electrically-conductive proppant particles;
• obtaining electric and magnetic field responses of the subterranean fracture that is at least partially filled with the electrically-conductive proppant particles using a plurality of sensors, wherein obtaining the electric and magnetic field responses of the subterranean fracture includes:
• electrically energizing at least a portion of a well casing disposed within the wellbore, wherein electrically energizing the at least a portion of the well casing causes subsurface electric and magnetic fields that interact with the electrically-conductive proppant particles to produce secondary electric and magnetic fields;
• and
• detecting the secondary electric and magnetic fields produced by the interaction between the subsurface electric and magnetic fields and the electrically-conductive proppant particles as the electric and magnetic field responses of the subterranean fracture;
• and
• producing an image of the electrically-conductive proppant particles based on the electric and magnetic field responses, wherein producing the image further comprises:
• determining a source wave form;
• and
• projecting the electric and magnetic field responses and the source wave form into an earth model using constructive and destructive interferences.