Post-polymerization and polymeric material modification through gold catalysis and polymeric materials

A polymeric material comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers of the following formulae:

• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• and
• wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 1, y and z are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0, and x+y+z=n, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n′>1;
• and
• is a (hetero)aromatic, repeating unit, R, R′, R″, and R′″ are each independently selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group comprising from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group comprising from 6 to 20 carbon atoms —H, —SR2, —OH, —OR2, —NH2, —NHR2, —NR2R3, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF3, —NO2, —COOH, —COOR2, —CHO, —COR2, —CONH2, —CONHR2, and —CONR2R3, wherein R2 and R3 are each independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
• and
• P is selected from an oligomeric or polymer chain which forms a branch from a backbone of the functionalized (hetero)aromatic polymeric material or a neighboring functionalized (hetero)aromatic polymeric material to form a crosslinked network, wherein P is limited to polymer chains comprising identical backbone connectivity to that of the polymers, namely, chains based on
• as defined above, which are incorporated as pendant structures during the reaction.