Solar cell, photovoltaic module, and photovoltaic system

A solar cell, comprising:

• a semiconducting substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, the semiconducting substrate comprising a first region and a second region that are arranged adjacent to each other in a first direction, the first region comprising a first sub-region and a second sub-region that are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction, the first sub-region being in contact with the second region, the first direction being perpendicular to the thickness direction of the semiconducting substrate;
• a first emitter disposed on the first surface and located on the first region;
• an insulating layer disposed on the first emitter and located on the first sub-region;
• a second emitter disposed on the first surface, the second emitter comprising a first sub-emitter and a second sub-emitter that are connected with each other, the first sub-emitter being located on the second region, the second sub-emitter being disposed on the insulating layer, wherein electrical conduction exists between the first emitter and the first sub-emitter;
• a first passivation layer disposed on a side of the first emitter and the second emitter that is away from the semiconducting substrate;
• a first anti-reflection layer disposed on a side of the first passivation layer that is away from the semiconducting substrate;
• a second passivation layer disposed on the second surface;
• and
• a second anti-reflection layer disposed on the side of the second passivation layer that is away from the semiconducting substrate.