Light modulating device

An optical device, comprising:

• a first outer substrate;
• a second outer substrate;
• and
• a light modulating device encapsulated with an encapsulating agent between the first and second outer substrates,
• wherein the light modulating device comprises:
• a light modulation film layer,
• wherein the light modulation film layer comprises:
• a first substrate;
• a second substrate;
• and
• a liquid crystal layer,
• wherein each of the first and second substrates has a first surface and a second surface,
• wherein the first surfaces of the first and second substrates face each other,
• wherein the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates,
• wherein the liquid crystal layer is capable of implementing twisted orientation,
• wherein the light modulating device further comprises:
• a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer formed on the first surface of the first substrate;
• and
• a liquid crystal alignment film formed on the first surface of the second substrate,
• wherein no liquid crystal alignment film is formed on the first substrate,
• wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or the adhesive layer is a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or a silicone adhesive layer, and the liquid crystal alignment film is a vertical alignment film,
• wherein an initial orientation of liquid crystal compounds in the liquid crystal layer is formed by the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer formed on the first surface of the first substrate and the liquid crystal alignment film formed on the first surface of the second substrate, and
• wherein a K value of Equation 1 below is in a range of 0.19 to 0.4:
• K=Δn×p/t [Equation 1]
• wherein, Δn is a refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal layer, p is a pitch in the twisted orientation, and t is a thickness of the liquid crystal layer.