Cathode materials for use in lithium cells and batteries
AssigneeUchicago Argonne, LLC
InventorsMichael M. Thackeray, Eungje Lee, Jason R. Croy, Boyu Shi
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Abstract
A composite electrode active material is described herein, which comprises two or more electrode active materials blended or structurally-integrated together, in one of the materials is a lithiated spinel selected from the group consisting of (a) a lithiated spinel of formula LiMnxNiyMzO2; wherein M comprises at least one metal cation other than manganese and nickel cations; x+y+z=1; 0<x<1.0; 0<y<1.0; 0≤z≤0.5; and the ratio of x:y is in the range of about 1:2 to about 2:1; and (b) a lithiated spinel of formula LiM1O2, wherein M1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1.
Claims36
A composite electrode active material comprising a first electrode active material blended or structurally-integrated with a second electrode active material that is different from the first electrode active material;
- wherein the electrode active composite material is a lithiated spinel-lithiated spinel of formula aLiM1O2•(1-a)LiM7O2 in which a is about 0.9;
- wherein the first electrode active material is a lithiated spinel of formula LiM1O2, wherein M1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1;
- and the second electrode active material is a lithiated-spinel of formula LiM7O2, wherein M7 comprises two or more cations selected from the group consisting of a Mn cation, a Ni cation, a Co cation, and a M6 cation;
- wherein M6 comprises at least one cation other than Mn, Ni, and Co cations.
A composite electrode active material comprising a first electrode active material that is structurally-integrated with a second electrode active material;
- wherein:
- the first electrode active material is a layered material of empirical formula Li2M4O3, wherein M4 is at least one metal cation selected from the group consisting of a Mn cation, a Ti cation, and a Zr cation;
- the second electrode active material is a lithiated spinel of formula LiM1O2, wherein M1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1;
- and
- the composite electrode active material is a layered-lithiated spinel material of formula bLi2M4O3•(1-b)LiM1O2, in which b is about 0.1.
An electrode active composite material comprising a first electrode active material that is mechanically blended with or structurally-integrated with a second electrode active material different from the first electrode active material, and a third electrode active material different from the first and second electrode active materials;
- wherein:
- the first electrode active material is a layered material of formula Li2M4O3, wherein M4 is at least one metal cation selected from the group consisting of a Mn cation, a Ti cation, and a Zr cation;
- the second electrode active material is a lithiated spinel of formula LiM1O2, wherein M1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1;
- and
- the third electrode active material is a lithiated spinel of formula LiM7O2, wherein M7 comprises two or more cations selected from the group consisting of a Mn cation, a Ni cation, a Co cation, and a M6 cation;
- and M6 comprises at least one cation other than Mn, Ni, and Co cations;
- wherein the composite electrode active material is a structurally integrated layered-lithiated spinel-lithiated spinel of formula cLi2M4O3•(1-c-d)LiM1O2•dLiM7O2 in which 0<|c−d|<1;
- 0<c<0.2;
- and 0<d<0.8.
An electrode active composite material comprising a first electrode active material that is mechanically blended with or structurally-integrated with a second electrode active material different from the first electrode active material, and a third electrode active material different from the first and second electrode active materials;
- wherein:
- the first electrode active material is a layered material of formula Li2M4O3, wherein M4 is at least one metal cation selected from the group consisting of a Mn cation, a Ti cation, and a Zr cation;
- the second electrode active material is a lithiated spinel of formula LiM1O2, wherein M1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1;
- and
- the third electrode active material is a layered material of formula LiM5O2;
- wherein M5 comprises at least one first-row transition metal cation;
- wherein the composite electrode active material is a structurally-integrated layered-lithiated spinel-layered material of formula eLi2M4O3•(1-e-f)LiM1O2•fLiM5O2 in which 0<|e-f|<1;
- 0<e<0.2;
- and 0<f<0.8.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.