Direct thrombin inhibitors and methods of use thereof

A compound of the following formula:

• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein:
• m and n are each independently 0, 1, or 2;
• p is 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• X is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl;
• Y is hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted amino, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl;
• each R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl;
• and
• R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl.