Cell-free protein synthesis

A method for continuous synthesis of a protein at a rate of 1.4×10−2 mg/hr/μL-2.5 mg/hr/μL, comprising:

• adding a solution comprising one or more in vitro translation reagents through a fluidic inlet of a reusable cell free protein system (CFPS),
• wherein the CFPS comprises a plurality of ribosomes attached to a structure or a plurality of structures, housed, contained, or attached to a solid support at a density of at least 103 ribosomes per cm2 of the structure or plurality of structures,
• wherein the solid support comprises a chamber, the fluidic inlet, a fluidic outlet, and the solution for containing synthesized protein, and
• wherein the plurality of ribosomes are positioned between the fluidic inlet and the fluidic outlet;
• and
• collecting the solution after passing through the fluidic outlet,
• wherein the solution after passing through the fluidic outlet comprises the synthesized protein but does not comprise the plurality of ribosomes.