A computing system comprising one or more processors and one or more storage devices, the one or more storage devices, individually or collectively, having computer executable instructions stored thereon, the computer executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, enabling the one or more processors to, individually or collectively, implement actions including:
- reading a plurality of user data blocks in a write cache under a trigger condition, each user data block including a logical block address (LBA) of the user data block;
- for each user data block,
- allocating a host block address (HBA) to the user data block,
- performing authenticated encryption on the user data block to generate an encrypted data block and authentication information, and
- generating first metadata corresponding to the user data block, the first metadata including a key-value (KV) pair and including the LBA, the HBA, and the authentication information;
- submitting a plurality of write commands for the plurality of user data blocks to a disk for the disk to store the encrypted data block in a first storage area of the disk based on the corresponding HBA;
- writing the first metadata corresponding to each user data block into a first metadata table maintained by using a log-structured merge (LSM) tree;
- and
- sending a synchronization operation command to the LSM tree and the disk for the LSM tree and the disk to complete data write persistence.