Compositions and methods for improving gut health

A gut microbiome modulating composition in the form of a capsule, a tablet, a pill, or

• a powder, the composition comprising:
• a green coffee bean extract comprising at least 50% by weight chlorogenic acid;
• and
• an oligosaccharide;
• wherein the green coffee bean extract is in an amount of at least 15% by weight of the composition and the oligosaccharide is in an amount of at least 60% by weight of the composition,
• wherein the weight ratio of oligosaccharide to green coffee bean extract is in a range from 3:1 to 2:1,
• wherein an effective amount of the composition improves gut health by stimulating growth of Akkermansia muciniphila.

A gut microbiome modulating composition comprising:

• chlorogenic acid in an amount of at least 8% by weight of the composition;
• oligosaccharide in an amount of at least 60% by weight of the composition;
• and
• chromium polynicotinate,
• wherein consumption of an effective amount of the composition improves gut health by stimulating the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila in a colon.