Battery active material layer with conductive active material particles

A cathode active material layer for a battery, the cathode active material layer comprising:

• conductive active material particles individually with a core and a coating on a surface of the core, wherein the core comprises a cathode active material, and the coating comprises an electrically conductive material;
• and
• a binder comprising fibers that are generally linear, extend in random orientations, curve or bend randomly, and intersect and connect with one another at random locations, which provides a three-dimensionally networked mesh of fibers (hereinafter “3D mesh”) comprising a number of mesh openings in random shapes,
• wherein the cathode active material layer is free or substantially free of electrically conductive particles other than the conductive active material particles,
• wherein the conductive active material particles are accommodated in the 3D mesh of the binder, and adjacent ones of the conductive active material particles abut one another within the 3D mesh, in which the electrically conductive material of the coating of one of the conductive active material particles makes at least one contact with the electrically conductive material of the coating of one or more adjacent ones of the conductive active material particles,
• such that first multiple ones of the fibers (“first multiple fibers”) contact a first one of the conductive active material particles (“a first particle”) and extend in random orientations on and/or over circumferential areas of the first particle, in which at least some of the first multiple fibers intersect and connect with one another on and/or over some of the circumferential areas of the first particle to form a plurality of mesh openings comprising a first mesh opening that defines a first circumferential area of the first particle,
• such that second multiple ones of the fibers (“second multiple fibers”) contact a second one of the conductive active material particles (“a second particle”) and extend in random orientations on and/or over circumferential areas of the second particle that is adjacent to the first particle, in which some of the second multiple fibers intersect and connect with one another on and/or over some of the circumferential areas of the second particle to form a plurality of mesh openings comprising a second mesh opening that defines a second circumferential area of the second particle,
• such that third multiple ones of the fibers (“third multiple fibers”) contact a third one of the conductive active material particles (“a third particle”) and extend in random orientations on and/or over circumferential areas of the third particle that is adjacent to the second particle, in which some of the third multiple fibers intersect and connect with one another on and/or over some of the circumferential areas of the third particle to form a plurality of mesh openings comprising a third mesh opening that defines a third circumferential area of the third particle,
• such that the first particle abuts the second particle in that the first circumferential area of the first particle (directly) contacts the second circumferential area of the second particle without electrically conductive particles intervening therebetween, which provides electrical conductivity between the first particle and the second particle,
• such that the second particle abuts the third particle in that the second circumferential area of the second particle contacts the third circumferential area of the third particle without electrically conductive particles intervening therebetween, which provides electrical conductivity between the second particle and the third particle,
• such that the first particle does not abut or contact the third particle,
• wherein, while being free or substantially free of electrically conductive particles, the cathode active material layer has electrical conductivity with a surface resistance in a range from about 0.01 Ω·cm2 to about 100 Ω·cm2 via contacts made between adjacent ones of the conductive active material particles accommodated in the 3D mesh.