Transparent electromagnetic transmission structures for window applications

An optical construction comprising a plurality of optical stacks arranged two-dimensionally across the optical construction and spaced apart from each other, each of the optical stacks having an optical transmittance of at least 60% for at least one visible wavelength in a visible wavelength range extending from about 420 nm to about 680 nm and comprising one or more electrically conductive layers disposed between, and at least substantially co-extensive in length and width with, first and second antennas, each of the one or more electrically conductive layers defining a through opening therein disposed substantially aligned with a center of at least one of the first and second antennas, such that for each of an s-polarized first incident signal incident on the optical construction in a first incident plane and a p-polarized second incident signal incident on the optical construction in a second incident plane orthogonal to the first incident plane, for at least one frequency in a frequency range extending from about 0.5 GHz to about 10 GHz, and for incident angles of at least up to about 40 degrees, the optical construction has a transmission coefficient S21 of between about 0 dB and about −10 dB.