# US 12,604,231 B2 · Adaptive multicast data rate configuration in managed Wi-Fi networks to improve throughput using unsupervised machine learning

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- Number: US 12,604,231 B2
- Document ID: US12604231B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/754,165
- Filed: 2024-06-26
- Published: 2024-12-26
- Granted: 2026-04-14
- Earliest claimed: 2022-09-30
- Assignees: Fortinet, Inc.
- Applicants: Fortinet, Inc.
- Inventors: Deepti Girish; Lavanya Lingaraju Srinivas
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12604231B2

## CPC

- H04W 28/0231: {based on communication conditions (dynamic wireless traffic scheduling definition based on channel quality criteria H04W72/54)}
- H04L 1/0003: {by switching between different modulation schemes}
- H04L 1/0009: {by adapting the channel coding (H04L1/1812 takes precedence)}
- H04W 28/0268: {using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR] (negotiating SLA or negotiating QoS H04W28/24)}
- H04L 2001/0093: {Point-to-multipoint}
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

A baseline multicast traffic is derived for an SSID from the network traffic statistics using unsupervised machine learning. Responsive to detecting a deterioration in the real-time network traffic statistics for the SSID in relation to the baseline throughput and the baseline multicast traffic, the multicast data rate can be adjusted to match the lowest unicast data rate for the SSID.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A computer-implemented method in a network management device for using machine learning to dynamically adjust multicast data rates for a service set identifier (SSID) SSID connections based on real-time network statistics for an enterprise network, the method comprising:
monitoring an SSID, with an exchange of data packets over the enterprise network between network devices, to collect real-time network traffic statistics associated with the SSID as a whole and each station utilizing the SSID;
deriving, with a processor of the network management device, a baseline throughput and a baseline multicast traffic for the SSID from the network traffic statistics using unsupervised machine learning, wherein deriving comprises training machine learning with K-means clustering of the network statistics to determine modulation and coding scheme (MCS) score;
detecting a deterioration in the real-time network traffic statistics for the SSID in relation to the baseline throughput and the baseline multicast traffic;
responsive to the deterioration detection, determining if a lowest unicast data rate is higher than a current multicast data rate for the SSID; and
responsive to the lowest unicast data rate being higher than the current multicast data rate for the SSID, adjusting the multicast data rate to match the lowest unicast data rate for the SSID.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) an MCS index during association of stations to the SSID and using the MCS index for the step of deriving the baseline throughput and the baseline multicast traffic.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of baseline derivation comprises determining the MCS to determine actual data rates of stations.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the network statistics considered for the the MCS score include data rate, retries and discards.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the SSID is one of a plural of managed SSIDs, wherein the throughput baseline and the baseline multicast traffic are monitored individually for each SSID.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the SSID is configured to an access point.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the SSID is configured to a plurality of access points, wherein the throughput and the baseline multicast traffic are monitored individually for each access point.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining if the lowest unicast data rate is higher than the current multicast data rate for the SSID comprises determining if the lowest unicast data rate is stable.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting a new client association; and
responsive to the new client association detection, determining whether the multicast data rate changed from a basic rate;
responsive determining change, determining whether a unicast data rate negotiated by the new client is less than the multicast data rate; and
responsive to the new client unicast data rate being less than the multicast date rate, reverting the multicast rate to the basic.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the step of deterioration detection comprises at least one of a drop in throughput and an increase in multicast traffic.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the access point with at least one transceiver in packet capture mode includes at least one transceiver in standard mode.

### Claim 12

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform a computer-implemented method for using machine learning to dynamically adjust multicast data rates for service set identifier (SSID) SSID connections based on real-time network statistics for an enterprise network, the method comprising:
monitoring an SSID, with an exchange of data packets over the enterprise network between network devices, to collect real-time network traffic statistics associated with the SSID as a whole and each station utilizing the SSID;
deriving, with a processor of the network management device, a baseline throughput and a baseline multicast traffic for the SSID from the network traffic statistics using unsupervised machine learning, wherein deriving comprises training machine learning with K-means clustering of the network statistics to determine modulation and coding scheme (MCS) score;
detecting a deterioration in the real-time network traffic statistics for the SSID in relation to the baseline throughput and the baseline multicast traffic;
responsive to the deterioration detection, determining if a lowest unicast data rate is higher than a current multicast data rate for the SSID; and
responsive to the lowest unicast data rate being higher than the current multicast data rate for the SSID, adjusting the multicast data rate to match the lowest unicast data rate for the SSID.

### Claim 13

A network device to use machine learning to dynamically adjust multicast data rates for service set identifier (SSID) SSID connections based on real-time network statistics for an enterprise network, the network device comprising:
a processor;
a network interface communicatively coupled to the processor and to the hybrid wireless network; and
a memory, communicatively coupled to the processor and storing:
an SSID monitoring module to track an SSID, with an exchange of data packets over the enterprise network between network devices, to collect real-time network traffic statistics associated with the SSID as a whole and each station utilizing the SSID;
a baseline throughput module to derive and a baseline multicast traffic for the SSID from the network traffic statistics using unsupervised machine learning, wherein deriving comprises training machine learning with K-means clustering of the network statistics to determine modulation and coding scheme (MCS) score;
a deterioration module to detect in the real-time network traffic statistics for the SSID in relation to the baseline throughput and the baseline multicast traffic;
a multicast rate adjustment module to, responsive to the deterioration detection, determine if a lowest unicast data rate is higher than a current multicast data rate for the SSID, and responsive to the lowest unicast data rate being higher than the current multicast data rate for the SSID, adjust the multicast data rate to match the lowest unicast data rate for the SSIDs.