# US 12,604,144 B2 · Vibration apparatus and apparatus including the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,604,144 B2 - Document ID: US12604144B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/519,470 - Filed: 2023-11-27 - Published: 2024-07-11 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2023-01-10 - Assignees: LG Display Co., Ltd. - Applicants: LG Display Co., Ltd. - Inventors: YoungWook Ha; Chiwan Kim; Wansoo Lee; SeungRyull Park - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12604144B2 ## CPC - H04R 17/00: Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers (piezoelectric or electrostrictive elements in general H10N30/00; details of piezoelectric or electrostrictive motors, generators or positioners {H10N30/00}) - H04R 1/24: Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges - H04R 7/045: {using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion} - H04R 7/10: comprising superposed layers in contact - H04R 2400/03: Transducers capable of generating both sound as well as tactile vibration, e.g. as used in cellular phones - H04R 2499/13: Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles - H04R 2499/15: Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops - H04S 7/302: {Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation (H04S7/301 takes precedence)} - H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K) - H04S: STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS ## Abstract A vibration apparatus may include a vibration part, a first electrode part at a first surface of the vibration part, and a second electrode part at a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration part. At least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part may include metal and an anti-oxidation layer. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A vibration apparatus, comprising: a vibration part; a first electrode part at a first surface of the vibration part; and a second electrode part at a second surface different from the first surface of the vibration part, wherein at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part comprises metal and an anti-oxidation layer, and wherein the metal comprises a metal particle having multiple surfaces formed by one or more acute angles and one or more obtuse angles. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal comprises copper. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the anti-oxidation layer comprises at least one material of gold, platinum, silver, nickel, and tin. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein a sum of a content of the metal and a content of the anti-oxidation layer is 45 wt % to 70 wt % of a weight of the at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part further comprises a conductive particle. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The vibration apparatus of claim 5, wherein the conductive particle comprises at least one material of carbon black, a silver nanoparticle, a nickel nanoparticle, and a gold nanoparticle. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The vibration apparatus of claim 5, wherein a content of the conductive particle is 5% to 10% of a sum of a content of the metal and a content of the anti-oxidation layer. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part further comprises a binder. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The vibration apparatus of claim 8, wherein a content of the binder is 8 wt % to 15 wt % of a sum of a content of the metal and a content of the anti-oxidation layer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first electrode part and the second electrode part is configured as a single layer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first protection member at the first electrode part; and a second protection member at the second electrode part. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The vibration apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a signal cable electrically connected to the first electrode part and the second electrode part, wherein a portion of the signal cable is accommodated into a region between the first protection member and the second protection member. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vibration part comprises a piezoelectric-type vibration part. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vibration part comprises a plurality of inorganic material portions having a piezoelectric characteristic and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal particle comprises a dendrite shape. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the metal particle has a size of about 5 μm. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part comprises anti-oxidation layers, wherein the anti-oxidation layers include the anti-oxidation layer; the metal comprises metal particles with multiple surfaces formed by one or more acute angles and one or more obtuse angles, wherein the metal particles include the metal particle; and the anti-oxidation layers surround the multiple surfaces of the metal particles. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the at least one of the first electrode part and the second electrode part further comprises conductive particles; the metal comprises metal particles; the metal particles include the metal particle; and the conductive particles form a conductive path between the metal particles. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) An apparatus, comprising: a passive vibration member; and one or more vibration generating apparatuses configured to vibrate the passive vibration member, wherein the one or more vibration generating apparatuses comprise the vibration apparatus of claim 1. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising an enclosure disposed at a rear surface of the passive vibration member and covering the one or more vibration generating apparatuses. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the passive vibration member comprises a metal material, or comprises single nonmetal materials or composite nonmetal materials of one or more of wood, rubber, plastic, carbon, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, a mirror, and leather. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the passive vibration member comprises one or more of a display panel including a pixel configured to display an image, a light emitting diode lighting panel, an organic light emitting lighting panel, an inorganic light emitting lighting panel, a screen panel on which an image is to be projected from a display apparatus, a lighting panel, a signage panel, a vehicular interior material, a vehicular glass window, a vehicular exterior material, a vehicular seat interior material, a building ceiling material, a building interior material, a building glass window, an aircraft interior material, an aircraft glass window, and a mirror. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) An apparatus, comprising: an exterior material; an interior material covering the exterior material; and one or more vibration generating apparatuses at one or more among the exterior material, the interior material, and a region between the exterior material and the interior material, wherein the one or more vibration generating apparatuses comprise the vibration apparatus of claim 1, wherein one or more of the interior material and the exterior material are configured to output sound based on a vibration of the one or more vibration generating apparatuses. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the interior material comprises one or more materials of metal, wood, rubber, plastic, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, carbon, a mirror, and leather. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The apparatus of claim 23, wherein: the interior material comprises at least one or more of a dashboard, a pillar interior material, a roof interior material, a door interior material, a seat interior material, a handle interior material, a floor interior material, a rear view mirror, an overhead console, a glove box, a sun visor, and a rear package interior material; and the one or more vibration generating apparatuses are configured to vibrate at least one or more of the dashboard, the pillar interior material, the roof interior material, the door interior material, the seat interior material, the handle interior material, the floor interior material, the rear view mirror, the overhead console, the glove box, the sun visor, and the rear package interior material. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising: a glass window; and a transparent vibration generating apparatus at the glass window. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The apparatus of claim 26, wherein: the glass window comprises at least one or more of a front glass window, a side glass window, a rear glass window, and a roof glass window; and the transparent vibration generating apparatus is configured to vibrate at least one or more of the front glass window, the side glass window, the rear glass window, and the roof glass window.