# US 12,604,014 B2 · Method and system of video processing with low latency bitstream distribution > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,604,014 B2 - Document ID: US12604014B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/842,323 - Filed: 2022-04-01 - Published: 2025-06-05 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2022-04-01 - Assignees: Intel Corporation - Applicants: Intel Corporation - Inventors: Gang Shen; Guangxin Xu; Jianhua Wu; Ce Wang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12604014B2 ## CPC - H04N 19/177: the unit being a group of pictures [GOP] - H04N 19/597: specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding - H04N 19/105: Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction - H04N 19/159: Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction - H04N 19/33: in the spatial domain - H04N 19/58: Motion compensation with long-term prediction, i.e. the reference frame for a current frame not being the temporally closest one (H04N19/23 takes precedence) - H04N 19/593: involving spatial prediction techniques - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract Methods, systems, mediums, and devices use video processing with low latency bitstream distribution. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: memory; computer readable instructions; and at least one processor circuit to be programmed based on the computer readable instructions to: access a first bitstream of a video sequence of encoded frames provided in a base layer and at least one enhancement layer of the first bitstream, the at least one enhancement layer having a higher resolution than the base layer, the encoded frames corresponding to groups of pictures, an individual group of pictures (GOP) of the groups of pictures (GOPs) to have no inter-prediction frame dependencies to other GOPs, and the individual GOP to have at least one sub-GOP that (i) has no inter-prediction dependencies to frames of another sub-GOP in the individual GOP, (ii) depends from a first I-frame of the GOP, and (iii) begins with an anchor frame that is not an I-frame; and select the encoded frames of a current GOP to be packed into a second bitstream to be transmitted to a remote device, the second bitstream having frames provided in a base layer and at least one enhancement layer of the second bitstream, the selection to omit the encoded frames from the first bitstream between the first I-frame of the current GOP and a selected sub-GOP of the current GOP, the base layer of the first I-frame in the second bitstream. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein one or more of the at least one processor circuit is to use the first bitstream to construct multiple second bitstreams based on separate selections of sub-GOPs. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the anchor frame of the at least one sub-GOP directly depends on the first I-frame within the individual GOP. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first I-frame and an anchor frame of the selected sub-GOP are a first two frames of the second bitstream, and the first I-frame (i) is used as a reference frame of the anchor frame and (ii) is not to be displayed at the remote device. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first I-frame is held in a buffer to be available as a reference frame for an anchor frame in the second bitstream. ### Claim 6 A computer-implemented method comprising: accessing a first bitstream of a video sequence of encoded frames, the encoded frames based on groups of pictures, an individual group of pictures (GOP) of the groups of pictures (GOPs) having no inter-prediction frame dependencies to other GOPs, and the individual GOP having at least one sub-GOP that has (i) no inter-prediction dependencies to frames of another sub-GOP in the individual GOP, (ii) depends from a first I-frame of the GOP, and (iii) begins with an anchor frame that is not an I-frame; and selecting the encoded frames of a current GOP to be packed into a second bitstream to be transmitted to a remote device, the selecting to omit the encoded frames from the first bitstream between the first I-frame of the current GOP and a selected sub-GOP of the current GOP, the first I-frame and an anchor frame of the selected sub-GOP to be a first two frames of the second bitstream, and the first I-frame (i) is to be used as a reference frame of the anchor frame and (ii) is not to be displayed at the remote device. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, including arranging causing an encoder providing the first bitstream to place anchor frames along a sequence of frames in the individual GOP to shorten a delay to begin transmitting the second bitstream to the remote device. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein nth frames in the individual GOP are preset as anchor frames. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the anchor frame of the at least one sub-GOP depends from the first I-frame of the individual GOP. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein ones of the frames forming sub-GOPs of the individual GOP are corresponding sequences of P-frames. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the P-frames of the at least one sub-GOP depend on a previous P-frame in the at least one sub-GOP with a first non-anchor P-frame of the least one sub-GOP depending on the anchor frame of the at least one sub-GOP. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the individual GOP includes anchor frames at intervals of two frames. ### Claim 13 At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions to cause a computing device to at least: access a first bitstream of a video sequence of encoded frames provided in a base layer and at least one enhancement layer of the first bitstream, the at least one enhancement layer having a higher resolution than the base layer, the encoded frames based on groups of pictures, an individual group of pictures (GOP) of the groups of pictures (GOPs) to have no inter-prediction frame dependencies to other GOPs, and the individual GOP to have at least one sub-GOP that (i) has no inter-prediction dependencies to frames of another sub-GOP in the individual GOP, (ii) depends from a first I-frame of the GOP, and (iii) begins with an anchor frame that is not an I-frame; and select the encoded frames of a current GOP to be packed into a second bitstream to be transmitted to a remote device, the second bitstream having frames provided in a base layer and at least one enhancement layer of the second bitstream, the selection to omit the encoded frames from the first bitstream between the first I-frame of the current GOP and a selected sub-GOP of the current GOP, the base layer of the first I-frame in the second bitstream. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the anchor frame of the at least one sub-GOP directly depends on the first I-frame within the individual GOP. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the instructions are to cause the computing device to determine the selected sub-GOP by selecting a next available sub-GOP associated with a next available anchor frame after obtaining a switch indicator that indicates content of the second bitstream is requested by the remote device. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the switch indicator is at least one of (1) associated with a request from the remote device to join a session of the first bitstream or (2) associated with a switch to a broadcast channel to be transmitted to the remote device, the broadcast channel different from a previous channel being transmitted to the remote device. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the instructions are to cause the computing device to determine the selected sub-GOP by selecting a next available sub-GOP after obtaining a switch indicator that indicates a received field of view from the remote device has moved at least partly off of a full image provided by the first bitstream.