# US 12,603,784 B2 · Authorization of states in a stateful signature scheme

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- Number: US 12,603,784 B2
- Document ID: US12603784B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/453,059
- Filed: 2023-08-21
- Published: 2024-03-21
- Granted: 2026-04-14
- Earliest claimed: 2022-09-16
- Assignees: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
- Applicants: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
- Inventors: Thalia May Laing; Maugan Villatel; Pierre Louis Robert Belgarric; Adrian John Baldwin; Adrian Laurence Shaw; Remy Husson
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12603784B2

## CPC

- H04L 9/3247: {involving digital signatures}
- H04L 9/0643: {Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC}
- H04L 9/50: {using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees}
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

In an example, a computing device is described. The computing device comprises an interface to receive a request from a signer for a state. The state is to be used as an input to generate a key under a stateful signature scheme. The computing device further comprises a processor. The processor is to identify an available state that the signer is authorized to use in response to the request received via the interface. The available state is identified from a set of states that can be used by the signer to maintain statefulness of the stateful signature scheme. The processor is further to instruct a reply to be sent to the signer via the interface. The reply comprises an indication of the state that the signer is authorized to use.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A computing device comprising:
an interface to receive a request from a signer for a state, wherein the state is to be used as an input to generate a key under a stateful signature scheme; and
a processor to:
identify an available state that the signer is authorized to use in response to the request received via the interface, wherein the available state is identified from a set of states that can be used by the signer to maintain statefulness of the stateful signature scheme;
select a state by selecting a state from the set of states;
instruct a reply to be sent to the signer via the interface, wherein the reply comprises an indication of the state that the signer is authorized to use; and
delete the selected state from the set of states in response to authorizing the selected state to be used by the signer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein the selected state has not yet been used as the input by the signer under the stateful signature scheme.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein the computing device is a blockchain node to implement a blockchain, wherein the request comprises a blockchain transaction request and wherein the processor is to:
determine whether the blockchain transaction request satisfies a contract specified by the blockchain; and
in response to the contract being satisfied:
record the transaction request and blockchain state changes in a ledger of the blockchain;
reach consensus on a new version of the ledger through a protocol implemented by the blockchain; and
as a result, authorize the signer to use the identified state.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein the processor is to:
determine a time period during which the signer is authorized to use the available state; and
indicate the time period with the reply.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein the processor is to:
after authorizing the signer to use the available state, determine that the authorization to use the available state is to be withdrawn; and
send an instruction to the signer via the interface to instruct the signer to exclude the available state from future use as the input.

### Claim 6

A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing instructions readable and executable by a processor of a computing device to:
determine an available state that a signer is authorized to use as an input to generate a signing key under a stateful signature scheme, wherein the available state is determined to be authorized if the available state belongs to a set of states that:
have not been authorized for use by any signer under the stateful signature scheme; and
instruct an indication of the available state to be sent to the signer in a response to a request for the state received by the computing device from the signer;
wherein the processor is to instruct an update of a database indicative of the set of states in response to determining that the available state has been used to generate the signing key, wherein the update is to instruct the used state to be removed from the set of states.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the processor is to encrypt the response to the signer.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the processor is to include a tag in the response to allow the signer to authenticate the response.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the response comprises a lease indicating a condition under which the signer is authorized to generate the signing key.

### Claim 10

A computing device comprising:
an interface to receive a request issued by a signer that does not have a state to use as an input to generate a signing key under a stateful signature scheme; and
a processor to determine, in response to the request, an available state for the signer to use as the input, wherein the available state is identified from a set of states, managed by the computing device, to select a state by selecting a state from the set of states, and to delete the selected state from the set of states in response to authorizing the selected state to be used by the signer to maintain statefulness of the stateful signature scheme.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The computing device of claim 10, wherein the request comprises an indication of:
a number of states requested;
a requested time period over which the state is to be authorized for use as the input;
an authenticity of the request to allow the computing device to authenticate the request prior to determining the available state,
or a combination thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The computing device of claim 10, wherein the processor is to send a lease to the signer via the interface, wherein the lease comprises:
a number of available states that the signer is authorized to use;
a time period during which the available state is authorized to be used by the signer;
authentication data to allow the signer to authenticate the lease,
or a combination thereof.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The computing device of claim 12, wherein the processor is to send a modified lease to the signer in response to considering an additional request received from the signer to modify the lease, wherein the modified lease is to modify:
the number of available states that the signer is authorized to use;
the time period during which the available state is authorized to be used by the signer, or a combination thereof.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein a coordinator and the signer have an asymmetric signing key pair.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein a record of all available states for the stateful signature scheme is maintained in a lookup table.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The computing device of claim 15, wherein the states maintained in the lookup table are labeled as on lease.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The computing device of claim 16, wherein the lookup table indicates a time when the lease expires, which signer leased each state, and, for each state in a lease set, other states included in the lease set.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein responsive to a lease expiring, each state in a set states available for use during the lease is indicated as being used.