# US 12,603,738 B2 · Pilot determining method and apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,603,738 B2 - Document ID: US12603738B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/489,259 - Filed: 2023-10-18 - Published: 2024-02-08 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2021-04-23 - Assignees: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Jianbiao Xu; Gaoning He; Yong Liu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12603738B2 ## CPC - H04B 7/0452: Multi-user MIMO systems - H04L 5/0048: {Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver (allocation of control signalling H04L5/0053; use of control signalling H04L5/0091)} - H04B 7/0413: MIMO systems - H04L 25/0226: {sounding signals per se} - H04L 5/0051: {of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal} - H04L 25/0242: {using matrix methods} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A first terminal receives first information from a network device, and determines, based on the first information, a pilot used by the first terminal. The first terminal is a terminal in NU terminals, the first information is determined based on a joint matrix, the joint matrix includes transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information of channels between the NU terminals and the network device, and the joint matrix is for determining pilots of the NU terminals. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A pilot determining method, comprising: receiving, by a first terminal, first information from a network device, wherein the first information is based on a joint matrix, the joint matrix includes transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information of channels between NU terminals and the network device, the joint matrix is for determining pilots of the NU terminals, the first terminal is a terminal in the NU terminals, and NU is an integer greater than 0; and determining, by the first terminal based on the first information, a pilot used by the first terminal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein the first information is a pilot corresponding to the first terminal in a first matrix, and the first matrix includes the pilots of the NU terminals. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein the first information is a parameter based on transforming and compressing a pilot corresponding to the first terminal in a first matrix, and the first matrix includes the pilots of the NU terminals; and determining the pilot further comprises: obtaining, by the first terminal based on the first information, the pilot corresponding to the first terminal in the first matrix through restoration. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein the first information includes second information and an index of the first terminal, the second information is for determining the joint matrix, and the index of the first terminal is for determining the pilot used by the first terminal; and determining the pilot further comprises: determining, by the first terminal based on the second information, the joint matrix; determining, by the first terminal, a first matrix based on the joint matrix, wherein the first matrix includes the pilots of the NU terminals; and determining, by the first terminal based on the index of the first terminal, the pilot used by the first terminal from the first matrix. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The pilot determining method according to claim 4, wherein the second information is for indicating the transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information corresponding to the NU terminals in the joint matrix; or the second information is for indicating Q transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients determined based on the joint matrix and indexes corresponding to the Q transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients; or the second information is for indicating NU*P transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients determined based on the transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information corresponding to the NU terminals and indexes corresponding to the NU*P transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients, wherein each terminal in the NU terminals corresponds to P transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients and P indexes, and the P indexes corresponding to the first terminal are indexes corresponding to the P transmit/receive angle spectral coefficients corresponding to the first terminal, wherein both Q and P are integers greater than 0. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein when a second terminal in the NU terminals does not need to send the pilot to the network device, the method further comprises: receiving, by the first terminal, an index of the second terminal from the network device; deleting, by the first terminal based on the index of the second terminal, an element corresponding to the second terminal from the joint matrix, to obtain an updated joint matrix; and updating, by the first terminal, the first matrix based on the updated joint matrix. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein when a third terminal other than the NU terminals needs to send the pilot to the network device, the method further comprises: receiving, by the first terminal, transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information corresponding to the third terminal from the network device; adding, by the first terminal, the transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information corresponding to the third terminal to the joint matrix, to obtain an updated joint matrix; and updating, by the first terminal, the first matrix based on the updated joint matrix. ### Claim 8 (depends on 4) The pilot determining method according to claim 4, wherein determining the first matrix-further comprises: obtaining, by the first terminal, a second matrix based on the joint matrix, wherein the second matrix includes transmit end components of the joint matrix; and determining, by the first terminal, the first matrix based on the second matrix. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The pilot determining method according to claim 8, wherein determining the first matrix-further comprises: obtaining, by the first terminal, a third matrix based on the second matrix, wherein the third matrix includes direction information of the transmit end components of the joint matrix; and determining, by the first terminal, the first matrix based on the third matrix. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The pilot determining method according to claim 9, wherein determining the first matrix-further comprises: determining, by the first terminal, that a matrix formed by eigenvectors of Np largest eigenvalues corresponding to the third matrix is the first matrix; or determining, by the first terminal, that a matrix based on performing terminal-level power normalization on a matrix formed by eigenvectors of Np largest eigenvalues corresponding to the third matrix is the first matrix, wherein Np is a quantity of resources for transmitting the pilots, and Np is an integer greater than 1. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The pilot determining method according to claim 8, wherein determining the first matrix further comprises: obtaining, by the first terminal, a third matrix based on the second matrix, wherein the third matrix includes direction information of the transmit end components of the joint matrix; obtaining, by the first terminal, a fourth matrix based on the second matrix, wherein the fourth matrix includes size information of the transmit end components of the joint matrix; determining, by the first terminal, a fifth matrix based on the fourth matrix and a quantity of resources for transmitting the pilots, wherein the fifth matrix is used for power allocation of a transmit end component in each direction in the third matrix; and determining, by the first terminal, the first matrix based on the third matrix and the fifth matrix. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The pilot determining method according to claim 11, wherein determining the first matrix based on the third matrix and the fifth matrix further comprises: multiplying, by the first terminal, the third matrix and the fifth matrix to obtain the first matrix; or determining, by the first terminal, that a matrix based on multiplying the third matrix and the fifth matrix and performing terminal-level power normalization is the first matrix. ### Claim 13 (depends on 4) The method according to claim 4, wherein determining a first matrix based on the joint matrix further comprises: obtaining, by the first terminal, an initial first matrix based on the joint matrix; and using, by the first terminal, the initial first matrix as an initial solution, and obtaining the first matrix based on an iteration method; or using, by the first terminal, the initial first matrix as an initial solution, obtaining a sixth matrix based on an iteration method, and determining that a matrix based on performing terminal-level power normalization on the sixth matrix is the first matrix. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The pilot determining method according to claim 1, wherein the joint matrix is based on performing block-diagonal concatenation on NU pieces of transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information, an nuth piece of transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information in the NU pieces of transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information is transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information of a channel between an nuth terminal in the NU terminals and the network device, and nu is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to Nu. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The pilot determining method according to claim 14, wherein the NU pieces of transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information are determined based on channel matrices of the NU terminals. ### Claim 16 A pilot determining method, comprising: obtaining, by a network device, a joint matrix, wherein the joint matrix includes transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information of channels between NU terminals and the network device, the joint matrix is for determining pilots of the NU terminals, and NU is an integer greater than 0; and sending, by the network device, first information to a first terminal, wherein the first information is for determining a pilot used by the first terminal, the first information is determined based on the joint matrix, and the first terminal is a terminal in the NU terminals. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The pilot determining method according to claim 16, further comprising: obtaining, by the network device, a first matrix based on the joint matrix, wherein the first matrix includes the pilots of the NU terminals; and determining, by the network device, the first information based on a pilot corresponding to the first terminal in the first matrix. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The pilot determining method according to claim 17, wherein the first information is a pilot corresponding to the first terminal in the first matrix, or the first information is a parameter based on transforming and compressing a pilot corresponding to the first terminal in the first matrix. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The pilot determining method according to claim 16, wherein the first information includes second information and an index of the first terminal, the second information is for determining the joint matrix, and the index of the first terminal is for determining the pilot used by the first terminal. ### Claim 20 A communication apparatus, comprising: a processor, wherein the processor is connected to a memory, the memory is configured to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory,-thereby causing the wireless communication apparatus to perform: receiving, by a first terminal, first information from a network device, wherein the first information is based on a joint matrix, the joint matrix includes transmit/receive full-dimensional statistical information of channels between NU terminals and the network device, the joint matrix is for determining pilots of the NU terminals, the first terminal is a terminal in the NU terminals, and NU is an integer greater than 0; and determining, by the first terminal based on the first information, a pilot used by the first terminal.