# US 12,603,689 B2 · Methods, architectures, apparatuses and systems for enabling fast beam switching > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,603,689 B2 - Document ID: US12603689B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/809,892 - Filed: 2024-08-20 - Published: 2026-02-26 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2024-08-20 - Assignees: InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc. - Applicants: InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc. - Inventors: Jaya Rao; Faris Alfarhan; Paul Marinier; Umer Salim; Ananth Kini - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12603689B2 ## CPC - H04B 7/06958: {Multistage beam selection, e.g. beam refinement} - H04B 7/06968: {using quasi-colocation [QCL] between signals} - H04B 7/088: {using beam selection} - H04W 36/06: Reselecting a communication resource in the serving access point - H04W 72/046: {the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams} - H04W 72/23: in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for faster beam switching in a wireless network. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information including QCL relation information for TCI states. The WTRU may receive beam switching information indicating a first replacement RS beam is associated with a first variable RS beam. The WTRU may determine measurements using the first source RS beam which is associated with a set of RS beams, including the first variable RS beam, as a QCL source for a TCI state according to the QCL relation information. The WTRU may determine measurements using the first replacement RS beam. The WTRU may send, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on the measurements. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: a processor, memory, and a transceiver which are configured to: receive configuration information including quasi co-location (QCL) relation information for one or more transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, wherein the one or more TCI states include a first TCI state associated with a first source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a first set of variable RS beams, determine one or more measurements using the first source RS beam, receive beam switching information that includes information indicating a first replacement RS beam is associated with a first variable RS beam, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the first set of variable RS beams, determine one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and send, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and threshold information. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the information indicating beam switching is received via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI). ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the processor, memory, and the transceiver are configured to, after sending the information that the first TCI state is updated, receive one or more transmissions using (i) the first set of variable RS beams and (ii) the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the one or more TCI states include a second TCI state associated with a second source RS beam as a QCL source for a second set of variable RS beams, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the second set of variable RS beams, wherein the processor, memory and the transceiver are configured to: determine one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, send, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the second TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the second set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the beam switching information includes information indicating a second replacement RS beam is associated with the first variable RS beam, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the first set of variable RS beams, wherein the processor, memory and the transceiver are configured to: determine one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam, send, in response to the beam switching information, the information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on (i) a comparison of the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam with the one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam, and (ii) a comparison of a difference, between the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam and the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, with the threshold information. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the one or more TCI states include a second TCI state associated with a second source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a second set of variable RS beams, wherein the beam switching information includes information indicating the first replacement RS beam and a second replacement RS beam are associated with the first variable RS beam and a second variable RS beam, wherein the processor, memory and the transceiver are configured to: determine one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, determine one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam, select the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams and the second set of variable RS beams based on a mapping and/or the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam and the one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam, send, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that: (1) the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information, and (2) the second TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the second set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The WTRU of claim 6, wherein the beam switching information includes an index to the mapping. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The WTRU of claim 1, wherein the processor, memory and the transceiver are configured to send the information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on a comparison of at least one quantity, based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam and the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and at least one threshold value included in the threshold information. ### Claim 9 A method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: receiving configuration information including quasi co-location (QCL) relation information for one or more transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, wherein the one or more TCI states include a first TCI state associated with a first source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a first set of variable RS beams; determining one or more measurements using the first source RS beam; receiving beam switching information that includes information indicating a first replacement RS beam is associated with a first variable RS beam, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the first set of variable RS beams; determining one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam; and sending, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and threshold information. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the information indicating beam switching is received via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI). ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, further comprising: after sending the information that the first TCI state is updated, receiving one or more transmissions using (i) the first set of variable RS beams and (ii) the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more TCI states include a second TCI state associated with a second source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a second set of variable RS beams, wherein the beam switching information includes information indicating the second source RS beam is associated with the first variable RS beam, and the first variable RS beam is included in the second set of variable RS beams, the method further comprising: determining one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam; and sending, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the second TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the second set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the beam switching information includes information indicating a second replacement RS beam is associated with the first variable RS beam, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the first set of variable RS beams, the method further comprising: determining one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam; and sending, in response to the beam switching information, the information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on (i) a comparison of the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam with the one or more measurements using the second replacement RS beam, and (ii) a comparison of a difference, between the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam and the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, with the threshold information. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more TCI states include a second TCI state associated with a second source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a second set of variable RS beams, wherein the beam switching information includes information indicating the first replacement RS beam and a second replacement RS beam are associated with the first variable RS beam and a second variable RS beam, the method further comprising: determining one or more measurements using the second source RS beam; selecting the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams and the second set of variable RS beams based on a mapping; and sending, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that: (1) the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information, and (2) the second TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the second set of variable RS beams based on the one or more measurements using the second source RS beam, the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and the threshold information. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the beam switching information includes an index to the mapping. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, further comprising: sending the information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams based on a comparison of at least one quantity, based on the one or more measurements using the first source RS beam and the one or more measurements using the first replacement RS beam, and at least one threshold value included in the threshold information. ### Claim 17 A base station comprising: a processor, memory, and a transceiver which are configured to: send configuration information including quasi co-location (QCL) relation information for one or more transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, wherein the one or more TCI states include a first TCI state associated with a first source reference signal (RS) beam as a QCL source for a first set of variable RS beams, send one or more transmissions using the first source RS beam, send beam switching information that includes information indicating a first replacement RS beam is associated with a first variable RS beam, wherein the first variable RS beam is included in the first set of variable RS beams, send one or more transmissions using the first replacement RS beam, and receive, in response to the beam switching information, information indicating that the first TCI state is updated to be associated with the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The base station of claim 17, wherein the information indicating beam switching is sent via a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI). ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The base station of claim 17, wherein the processor, memory, and the transceiver are configured to, after receiving the information that the first TCI state is updated, send one or more transmissions using (i) the first set of variable RS beams and (ii) the first replacement RS beam as the QCL source for the first set of variable RS beams. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The base station of claim 17, wherein the one or more transmissions using the first source RS beam include one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) and/or one or more channel state information RSs (CSI-RSs), and/or the one or more transmissions using the first replacement RS beam include one or more SSBs and/or one or more CSI-RSs.