# US 12,603,291 B2 · Secondary battery > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,603,291 B2 - Document ID: US12603291B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/833,496 - Filed: 2023-01-30 - Published: 2025-04-17 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2022-01-28 - Assignees: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Applicants: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Inventors: Hak-Yoon Kim; Seong-Wook Kang; Dong-Oh Shin; Nam-Jeong Lee; Moon-Soo Park - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12603291B2 ## CPC - H01M 4/13: Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof - H01M 4/623: {fluorinated polymers} - H01M 4/02: Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material - H01M 4/04: Processes of manufacture in general - H01M 4/0404: {by coating on electrode collectors} - H01M 4/0419: {involving spraying} - H01M 4/043: {involving compressing or compaction} - H01M 4/0435: {Rolling or calendering} - H01M 4/131: Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/139: Processes of manufacture - H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers - H01M 4/621: {Binders} - H01M 4/622: {being polymers} - H01M 4/625: {Carbon or graphite} - H01M 4/661: {Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings (H01M4/669 take precedence)} - H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - H01M 2004/021: {Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area} - H01M 2004/028: {Positive electrodes} - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Provided is a secondary battery including: a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer located on the positive electrode current collector and including a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode conductive material and a positive electrode binder, wherein the positive electrode binder is fiberized and binds the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode conductive material; a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer located on the negative electrode current collector and including a plurality of granules including a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode binder, and formed as the negative electrode binder binds the negative electrode active material; and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A secondary battery comprising: a positive electrode comprising: a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode active material layer located on the positive electrode current collector and comprising a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode conductive material, and a positive electrode binder, wherein the positive electrode active material layer is formed by a dry process, wherein the positive electrode binder is fiberized and binds the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode conductive material; a negative electrode comprising: a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer located on the negative electrode current collector and comprising a plurality of granules comprising a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode binder, wherein the plurality of granules is formed by a spray-drying process, wherein the plurality of granules have a structure in which the negative electrode binder binds the negative electrode active material, wherein the granule comprised in the negative electrode has: a core part comprising the negative electrode active material; and a surface part located wholly or partially outside the core part and comprising the negative electrode binder binding the negative electrode active material, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode has a bending resistance lower than 10 mm Φ. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein the bending resistance of the positive electrode is defined according to JIS K5600-5-1. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein the bending resistance of the positive electrode is defined by: preparing a rectangular positive electrode sample with a size of 100 mm×50 mm; preparing measuring rods having diameters of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25 and 32 mm respectively, contacting the positive electrode sample with a measuring rod with a largest diameter, and determining whether a crack occurs in a mixed film of the positive electrode sample when both ends of the positive electrode sample are lifted; repeating the determining of whether the crack occurs in the mixed film of the positive electrode sample using a measuring rod with a next largest diameter if the crack has not occurred in the previous step; and defining the bending resistance as a minimum diameter of the measuring rod when no crack occurs in the mixed film of the positive electrode sample. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material layer has a porosity of 20-35%. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a loading amount of the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode active material layer is 3-15 mAh/cm2. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein an interfacial resistance between the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector is 5 Ω·cm2 or lower. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode binder comprised in the positive electrode active material layer has a crystallinity of 10% or lower. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode binder comprises a fluorine-based positive electrode binder, the positive electrode active material layer has a positive electrode QBR (quantified binder ratio) of 1.1 or lower, and the positive electrode QBR is defined by the following equation: Positive ⁢ electrode ⁢ QBR = CB s / CB f wherein CBs is an average fluorine content in a surface region of the positive electrode active material layer from an outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer to 15% of a total thickness of the positive electrode active material layer, and CBf is an average fluorine content in a floor region of the positive electrode active material layer from an interface of the positive electrode active material layer contacting with the positive electrode current collector to 15% of the total thickness of the positive electrode active material layer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode binder comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode conductive material comprises one or more of activated carbon, graphite, carbon black, ketjen black or carbon nanotube. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material layer comprises 85-98 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material, 0.5-5 parts by weight of the positive electrode conductive material and 0.5-10 parts by weight of the positive electrode binder. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a conductive primer is provided wholly or partially coated on the positive electrode current collector. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode binder comprised in the surface part of the granule is connected with the negative electrode binder in the surface part of a neighboring granule, so that the negative electrode binder is distributed in the negative electrode active material layer to have a network structure. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode binder has a double bond, the negative electrode active material layer has a negative electrode QBR (quantified binder ratio) of 2.0 or lower, and the negative electrode QBR is defined by the following equation: Negative ⁢ electrode ⁢ QBR = AB s / AB f wherein ABs is an average double bond content of the negative electrode binder in a surface region of the negative electrode active material layer from an outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer to 15% of a total thickness of the negative electrode active material layer, and ABf is an average double bond content of the negative electrode binder in a floor region of the negative electrode active material layer from an interface of the negative electrode active material layer contacting with the negative electrode current collector to 15% of the total thickness of the negative electrode active material layer. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the granule has a higher electrode binder content (wt %) in a surface part than in a core part based on 100 wt % of the negative electrode active material and the negative electrode binder, and the surface part is a region near a surface of the granule from a granule surface to a predetermined depth toward the center of the granule, and the core part is a region other than the surface part. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode active material layer includes the plurality of granules comprising the negative electrode active material, a negative electrode conductive material, and the negative electrode binder, and wherein the negative electrode binder is configured to bind the negative electrode active material and the negative electrode conductive material, and wherein the negative electrode active material layer comprises 85-98 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material, 0.5-5 parts by weight of the negative electrode conductive material and 0.5-10 parts by weight of the negative electrode binder. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a primer layer is formed wholly or partially on at least one side of the negative electrode current collector, the primer layer comprises a binder and a conductive material, and a sum of contents of the binder and the conductive material based on a total weight of the primer layer is 90 wt % or larger. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) An energy storage device comprising the secondary battery according to claim 1 as a unit cell.