# US 12,601,908 B2 · Heads-up display with ghost image mitigation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,601,908 B2 - Document ID: US12601908B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/977,134 - Filed: 2022-10-31 - Published: 2023-05-04 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2021-11-03 - Assignees: 3M Innovative Properties Company - Applicants: 3M Innovative Properties Company - Inventors: Stephan J. Pankratz; Matthew B. Johnson; William F. Edmonds; Jan Thomas Krapp - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12601908B2 ## CPC - G02B 27/0018: {with means for preventing ghost images (anti-reflection coatings G02B1/11)} - B60K 35/22: Display screens - B60K 35/23: Head-up displays [HUD] (optical aspects of head-up displays G02B27/01) - B60K 35/415: {Glare prevention} - G02B 5/3083: {Birefringent or phase retarding elements (G02B5/3008, G02B5/3016 take precedence; systems for polarisation control G02B27/286; manufacturing phase modulating patterns by lithographic processes G03F7/001)} - G02B 27/0101: {characterised by optical features (G02B27/0172 takes precedence)} - G02B 27/0149: {characterised by mechanical features (G02B27/0176 takes precedence)} - G02B 27/0172: {characterised by optical features} - G02B 27/286: {for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another (G02B5/3083 takes precedence; light guide coupling means utilising polarising elements G02B6/34)} - B60K 35/10: Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor - B60K 35/60: Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles (arrangements of lighting devices on dashboards B60Q3/10) - B60K 2360/23: using reflectors - B60K 2360/25: using filters - B60K 2360/785: on or in relation to the windshield or windows - G02B 2027/0118: {comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility} - G02B 2027/012: {comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects} - G02B 2027/0169: {Supporting or connecting means other than the external walls} - G02B 2027/0194: {with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects} - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES ## Abstract A heads-up display for viewing by an eye of a passenger of a vehicle includes a windshield with a reflective polarizer disposed adjacent to a first outermost glass surface of the windshield, a display configured to emit an image toward the windshield, the windshield reflecting between 15% and 85% of the emitted image toward the passenger, and a phase retarding plate disposed in an optical path between the display and the windshield. The windshield is configured to receive the image emitted by the display after the image has been transmitted by the phase retarding plate and to reflect at least a portion of the received image as a reflected image toward the eye of the passenger. The phase retarding plate modifies a polarization state of the reflected image to improve a viewing characteristic of the reflective image depending on a viewing angle of the eye of the passenger. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A heads-up display for viewing by an eye of a passenger of a vehicle, comprising: a windshield comprising a reflective polarizer disposed adjacent to a first outermost glass surface of the windshield; a display configured to emit an image toward the windshield, the windshield reflecting between 15% and 85% of the emitted image toward the passenger; and a phase retarding plate disposed in an optical path between the display and the windshield; the windshield configured to receive the image emitted by the display after being transmitted by the phase retarding plate and to reflect at least a portion of the received image as a reflected image toward the eye of the passenger, the phase retarding plate changing a polarization type of the reflected image to improve a viewing characteristic of the reflective image depending on a viewing angle of the eye of the passenger, wherein the phase retarding plate is disposed in a plane substantially parallel to the display and rotating the phase retarding plate within the plane changes the viewing characteristic of the reflected image. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed between the first outermost glass surface of the windshield and an opposing, second outermost glass surface of the windshield. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed adjacent to the first outermost glass surface of the windshield, facing away from an opposing, second outermost glass surface of the windshield. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The heads-up display of claim 3, wherein any layer disposed on the reflective polarizer and facing an interior of the vehicle has an average thickness of less than about 7 microns. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the heads-up display further comprises a first bonding layer bonding the reflective polarizer to the first outermost glass surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed between, and spaced apart from, the first outermost glass surface and a second outermost glass surfaces of the windshield. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the phase retarding plate is a half wave plate. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein tilting a first end of the phase retarding plate at different angles respective to the plane of the display changes the viewing characteristic of the reflected image. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the viewing characteristic is a brightness of the reflected image. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the viewing characteristic is an amount of unwanted ghosting of the reflected image. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the viewing angle of the eye of the passenger is greater than or equal to about 20 degrees. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The heads-up display of claim 1, wherein the windshield further comprising a light absorbing layer disposed between, and spaced apart from, the first and second outermost major glass surfaces of the windshield. ### Claim 13 A display system for viewing by first and second eyes of respective first and second passengers of a vehicle along different respective first and second directions, the display system comprising: a display configured to form a polarized image for viewing by the first and second eyes, the formed polarized image having a first polarization state; a windshield comprising a reflective polarizer configured to receive the formed polarized image at a first incident angle and reflect between about 10% to about 60% of the received polarized image along the first and second directions as respective first and second reflected polarized images for viewing by the respective first and second eyes, the first and second reflected polarized images having respective first and second average intensities, the reflective polarizer configured to transmit at least 60% of an incident light having a wavelength comprised by the received polarized image and having a second polarization state orthogonal to the first polarization state; and a retarder disposed in an optical path between the display and the windshield and configured to have its orientation relative to the reflective polarizer changed, the change modifying one of the first and second average intensities by more than 20% and modifying the other one of the first and second average intensities by less than 20%. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, where in the change in orientation of the reflective polarizer modifies one of the first and second average intensities by more than 30% and modifies the other one of the first and second average intensities by less than 10%. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, where in the change in orientation of the reflective polarizer increases one of the first and second average intensities by more than 30% and decreases the other one of the first and second average intensities by less than 10%. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, wherein the display system is a wide-format heads-up display. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, wherein one of the first and second passengers is a driver of the vehicle. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, wherein changing the orientation of the retarder relative to the reflective polarizer comprises rotating the retarder within a plane of the retarder. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The display system of claim 13, wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed on a first major outermost surface of the windshield facing an interior or the vehicle.