# US 12,600,264 B2 · Thermal management of vehicle energy storage means > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,600,264 B2 - Document ID: US12600264B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/925,244 - Filed: 2021-05-14 - Published: 2023-07-20 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2020-05-14 - Assignees: Jaguar Land Rover Limited - Applicants: Jaguar Land Rover Limited - Inventors: Mustafa Ozcelik; Michael Farley; Christopher Blakesley; Simon Patel; Hin Kwan Wong - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12600264B2 ## CPC - B60L 58/16: responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH] - B60L 58/26: by cooling - G05B 19/4155: characterised by program execution, i.e. part program or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a program - H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)} - H01M 10/486: {for measuring temperature} - H01M 10/613: Cooling or keeping cold - H01M 10/625: Vehicles - H01M 10/633: characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like - H01M 10/6568: characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings - H01M 10/6569: Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation (heat pipes H01M10/6552) - H01M 10/66: Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells - B60L 2240/545: Temperature - B60L 2240/547: Voltage - B60L 2240/549: Current - B60L 2240/662: Temperature - G05B 2219/50333: Temperature - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility - Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A method and control system for controlling operation of a thermal control apparatus, the thermal control apparatus configured for thermal control of an energy storage means of a vehicle, the method comprising: obtaining a parameter indicative of a state of health of the energy storage means; and controlling operation of the thermal control apparatus in dependence on a difference between the parameter and a target, wherein the target is indicative of expected state of health, and wherein a rate of change of the target varies in association with cumulative energy throughput of the energy storage means. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A control system for controlling operation of a thermal control apparatus, the thermal control apparatus configured for thermal control of an energy storage means of a vehicle, the control system comprising one or more controllers, the control system configured to: obtain a parameter indicative of a state of health of the energy storage means; select a variable value temperature setpoint function in dependence on a difference between the parameter and a target, the variable value temperature setpoint function selected from the group consisting of: a triple setpoint, a linear interpolation, a nonlinear interpolation, and a polynomial function; and control operation of the thermal control apparatus in accordance with the variable value temperature setpoint function, wherein the target is indicative of expected state of health, wherein a rate of change of the target varies in association with cumulative energy throughput of the energy storage means, wherein the rate of change of the target is a rate of reduction of the target, and wherein the rate of reduction of the target decreases as cumulative energy throughput of the energy storage means increases. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the cumulative energy throughput is determined in dependence on mileage and/or time and/or charge cycles of the energy storage means. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the rate of reduction of the target decreases with a convexity associated with expected cell aging of the energy storage means. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The control system claim 1, wherein an initial value of the target is indicative of an initial expected state of health proximal to but less than 100%. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein controlling operation of the thermal control apparatus comprises controlling a cooling performance of the energy storage means by controlling at least one energy-consuming thermal control component of the thermal control apparatus for cooling the energy storage means. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The control system of claim 5, wherein controlling the cooling performance comprises controlling an activation threshold for activation of the energy-consuming thermal control component, wherein the activation threshold is a threshold of a temperature-related parameter, and wherein reducing the activation threshold increases the cooling performance. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The control system of claim 5, wherein the cooling performance is dependent on a thermal operating mode of at least the energy storage means. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The control system of claim 7, wherein the thermal operating mode is dependent on one or more of: a driving mode of the vehicle; a charging voltage; a charging current; whether the vehicle is driving or charging; whether charging is via alternating current or direct current; power demand from the energy storage means; ambient temperature; or a charging power. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The control system of claim 5, wherein the thermal control apparatus is operable in a relatively high-power cooling state and in a relatively low-power cooling state, and wherein in the relatively high-power cooling state the energy-consuming thermal control component is operated. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The control system of claim 9, wherein the energy-consuming thermal control component is a refrigerant system. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The control system of claim 9, wherein in the low-power cooling state a fan is operated and/or an active vane is opened. ### Claim 12 (depends on 5) The control system of claim 5, wherein controlling operation of the thermal control apparatus in dependence on the difference comprises increasing the cooling performance if the parameter is below the target. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the parameter indicative of a state of health of the energy storage means is based, at least in part, on measurement of at least one variable, wherein the at least one variable comprises one or more of: capacity of the energy storage means; power capability of the energy storage means; internal resistance of the energy storage means; self-discharge of the energy storage means; or charge acceptance of the energy storage means. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) A vehicle comprising the control system and the thermal control apparatus of claim 1. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein an initial value of the target is indicative of an initial expected state of health proximal to but less than 100%. ### Claim 16 A method of controlling operation of a thermal control apparatus, the thermal control apparatus configured for thermal control of an energy storage means of a vehicle, the method comprising: obtaining a parameter indicative of a state of health of the energy storage means; selecting a variable value temperature setpoint function in dependence on a difference between the parameter and a target, the variable value temperature setpoint function selected from the group consisting of: a triple setpoint, a linear interpolation, a nonlinear interpolation, and a polynomial function; and controlling operation of the thermal control apparatus in accordance with the variable value temperature setpoint function, wherein the target is indicative of expected state of health, wherein a rate of change of the target varies in association with cumulative energy throughput of the energy storage means, wherein the rate of change of the target is a rate of reduction of the target, and wherein the rate of reduction of the target decreases as cumulative energy throughput of the energy storage means increases. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) A non-transitory, computer readable medium having stored thereon computer software that, when executed, is arranged to perform the method according to claim 16. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein an initial value of the target is indicative of an initial expected state of health proximal to but less than 100%.