# US 12,599,627 B1 · Method of treating cancer cells using copper hydroxide nitrate/calcium silicate/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite material

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- Number: US 12,599,627 B1
- Document ID: US12599627B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 19/224,367
- Filed: 2025-05-30
- Granted: 2026-04-14
- Earliest claimed: 2025-05-30
- Assignees: Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
- Applicants: Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
- Inventors: Babiker Yagoub Elhadi Abdulkhair; Mohamed Khairy Abdel Fattah Omran
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12599627B1

## CPC

- A61K 33/34: Copper; Compounds thereof
- C12N 5/0693: {Tumour cells; Cancer cells}
- B82Y 5/00: Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
- B82Y 40/00: Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
- A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D)
- C12N: MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (microbiological testing media C12Q1/00)
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES

## Abstract

A method of inhibiting a cancer cell growth includes contacting the cancer cell with a Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite material containing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), copper hydroxide nitrate (Cu2(OH)3NO3) and calcium silicate (CaSiO3), achieving an inhibition efficiency on human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell growth of greater than 95% in an in-vitro cellular viability assay.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of in vitro inhibiting cancer cell growth, comprising:
contacting a Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite with a cancer cell,
wherein the cancer cell is from a cell line selected from a group consisting of a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell line and a human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell line; thereby
inhibiting the cancer cell growth.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
contacting the cancer cell with the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite at a concentration of 3 μg/mL to 500 μg/mL.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite comprises:
a graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) in an amount of 20 to 40 percent by weight (wt. %), and
a copper hydroxide nitrate (Cu2(OH)3NO3) in an amount of 20 to 40 wt. %, and
a calcium silicate (CaSiO3) in an amount of 20 to 40 wt. %,
based on a total weight of the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the cell line is the HepG-2 cell line, and
wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5 to 15 μg/mL.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the cell line is the MCF-7 cell line, and
wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 20 to 30 μg/mL.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite is made by a process comprising:
mixing a calcium silicate (CaSiO3), a graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and a copper salt in a glycol solvent to form a mixture;
microwaving the mixture to form the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, further comprising:
forming the CaSiO3 by sonicating a mixture of a calcium salt and a silicate salt in an aqueous alcohol solution to form a calcium silicate mixture, followed by
heating the calcium silicate mixture to a temperature of 160 to 200° C. for 1 to 3 hours to form the CaSiO3,
wherein the calcium salt is selected from a group consisting of calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate and calcium citrate, and
wherein the silicate salt is selected from a group consisting of calcium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, zeolites and micas.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, further comprising:
forming the g-C3N4 by heating urea to a temperature of 550 to 650° C. for 30 to 60 minutes.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing comprises a copper salt selected from a group consisting of copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper sulfate, copper bromide and copper cyanide.

### Claim 10 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein the microwaving is performed at a temperature of 160 to 200° C. at a pressure of 4 to 6 bar for 30 to 90 minutes.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite comprise a plurality of metal oxides nanorods and a plurality of g-C3N4 nanosheets.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has the metal oxide nanorods comprising Cu2(OH)3NO3 and CaSiO3.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has the metal oxide nanorods of an average length 1 to 3 μm.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has the metal oxide nanorods comprising nanowires protruding perpendicularly to the rods.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has the metal oxide nanorods comprising nanowires of a length 10 to 50 nm dispersed on the g-C3N4 nanosheets with some aggregates of the metal oxide nanorods.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has a mesoporous structure with a plurality of wide pores in the g-C3N4 nanosheets where the metal oxides nanorods deposit.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has an average pore diameter of 3 to 7 nm.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 140 to 160 m2·g−1.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the Cu2(OH)3NO3/CaSiO3@g-C3N4 nanocomposite has an average pore volume of 0.3 to 0.4 cm3·g−1.