# US 12,599,471 B2 · Expandable devices and associated systems and methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,599,471 B2 - Document ID: US12599471B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/907,005 - Filed: 2021-03-24 - Published: 2023-04-13 - Granted: 2026-04-14 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-24 - Assignees: The Foundry, LLC - Applicants: The Foundry, LLC - Inventors: Hanson S. Gifford, III; Edward DeWitt Gifford; Vrad W. Levering - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12599471B2 ## CPC - A61F 2/06: Blood vessels - A61F 2/915: with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other - A61F 2/2418: {Scaffolds therefor, e.g. support stents} - A61F 2/07: Stent-grafts - A61F 2/243: {Deployment by mechanical expansion} - A61F 2002/825: {having longitudinal struts} - A61F 2002/91575: {connected peak to trough} - A61F 2002/9505: {having retaining means other than an outer sleeve, e.g. male-female connector between stent and instrument} - A61F 2220/0091: connected by a hinged linkage mechanism, e.g. of the single-bar or multi-bar linkage type - A61F 2230/0067: conical - A61F 2250/0037: differing in height or in length - A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C) ## Abstract Devices, systems, and methods for treating a blood flow passage are disclosed herein. For example, expandable devices of the present technology may comprise a stent having a collapsed configuration for delivery through a delivery device to a treatment site in a body conduit and an expanded configuration. The stent may comprise a plurality of struts and longitudinally extending first and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands. Each of the struts may extend between and connect one of the first spines and one of the second spines. Moving the first spines axially relative to the second spines may cause the struts to push circumferentially adjacent spines to move away from one another, thereby increasing a diameter of the stent. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A stent comprising: a first end portion, a second end portion, and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween, the stent having a collapsed configuration for delivery through a delivery device to a treatment site in a body conduit and an expanded configuration; and a plurality of spines extending along the longitudinal axis, each of the spines extending between a first fixed end and a second free end, wherein axial compression of the stent in the collapsed configuration by a first distance causes the spines to move radially away from the longitudinal axis without axially compressing the spines, and wherein continued axial compression of the stent beyond the first distance simultaneously axially compresses the spines, thereby increasing the diameter of the stent. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of struts, each of the struts extending between and connecting circumferentially adjacent spines. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The stent of claim 2, wherein none of the struts connect directly to another strut. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, the stent further comprising a plurality of struts, each of the struts extending between and connecting one of the first spines to one of the second spines. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The stent of claim 4, wherein each of the struts has a first end connected to one of the first spines and a second end connected to one of the second spines, and wherein, when the first spines and the second spines move axially relative to one another, each of the struts angles away from the corresponding one of the first spines and corresponding one of the second spines, thereby pushing the one of the first spines away from the one of the second spines and increasing a radial distance of the first and second spines from the longitudinal axis of the stent. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent comprises: a first strut region comprising a plurality of first struts, the first strut region extending about a circumference of the stent at a first axial location along the stent, and a second strut region comprising a plurality of second struts, the second strut region extending about a circumference of the stent at a second axial location longitudinally spaced apart from the first axial location, wherein the second struts are shorter first the second struts. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The stent of claim 6, wherein the stent comprises a plurality of first strut regions, and wherein (a) at least one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut region and the first end portion of the stent, and (b) at least another one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut region and the second end portion of the stent. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The stent of claim 6, wherein the stent comprises a plurality of first strut regions and a plurality of second strut regions, and wherein (a) at least one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut regions and the first end portion of the stent, and (b) at least another one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut regions and the second end portion of the stent. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The stent of claim 6, wherein the stent comprises a plurality of first strut regions and a plurality of second strut regions, and wherein (a) at least one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut regions and the first end portion of the stent, (b) at least another one of the first strut regions is positioned between the second strut regions and the second end portion of the stent, and (c) none of the first strut regions are disposed between two of the second strut regions. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The stent of claim 6, wherein the first strut region and the second strut region includes a portion of a spine coextensive with the struts within the respective region. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) The stent of claim 6, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein each of the first spines and each of the second spines spans both the first strut region(s) and the second strut region(s). ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein— each of the first spines has a fixed end proximate the first end portion of the stent and a free end proximate the second end portion, each of the second spines has a fixed end proximate the second end portion of the stent and a free end proximate the first end portion, and the stent comprises: a first stop at the first end portion, wherein the first stop is configured to prevent axial movement of the free ends of the second spines proximally beyond the first stop, a second stop at the second end portion, wherein the second stop is configured to prevent axial movement of the free ends of the first spines distally beyond the second stop. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The stent of claim 12, wherein, when the stent is axially compressed such that the free ends of the first spines contact the second stop and the free ends of the second spines contact the first stop, additional axial compression of the stent causes the first and second spines to bow outwardly. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein— each of the first spines has a fixed end portion and a free end portion; each of the second spines has a fixed end portion and a free end portion, and wherein, when the first and second spines move axially relative to one another, the free end portions of the first spines move closer to the fixed end portions of the second spines, or vice versa, the free end portions of the second spines move closer to the fixed end portions of the first spines, or vice versa. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein— each of the first spines has a fixed end portion proximate the first end portion of the stent and a free end portion proximate the second end portion; each of the second spines has a fixed end portion proximate the second end portion and a free end portion proximate the first end portion, and wherein, when the first and second spines move axially relative to one another, the free end portions of the first spines move closer to the second end portion of the stent, or vice versa, the free end portions of the second spines move closer to the first end portion of the stent, or vice versa. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the first spines are fixed relative to the first end portion of the stent along an axial dimension. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the second spines are fixed relative to the second end portion of the stent along an axial dimension. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the first spines are fixed relative to the first end portion of the stent along an axial dimension and the second spines are fixed relative to the second end portion of the stent along the axial dimension. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the stent includes a band at the first end portion, wherein the band is continuous with the first spines. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the stent includes a band at the first end portion, wherein the first spines are fixed relative to the band. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the stent includes a band at the second end portion, wherein the band is continuous with the second spines. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, the spines comprising first spines and second spines configured to move in opposing axial directions as the stent expands, wherein the stent includes a band at the second end portion, wherein the second spines are fixed relative to the band. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein, when the stent is in an expanded configuration, a diameter of the stent tapers in the direction of the first end portion. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein, when the stent is in an expanded configuration, a diameter of the stent tapers in the direction of the second end portion. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein, when the stent is in an expanded configuration, a diameter of the stent tapers in the direction of the first end portion and in the direction of the second end portion. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent has been heat treated to have a preset shape in an intermediate expanded configuration. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent has been heat treated to have a preset shape in a fully expanded configuration. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent further includes a cover extending over all or a portion of the stent. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent is formed of a laser cut sheet of material or a laser cut tube. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the stent is not a braid. ### Claim 31 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein the first and second spines alternate about the circumference of the stent. ### Claim 32 (depends on 1) The stent of claim 1, wherein decreasing a longitudinal distance between the first end portion and the second end portion causes the circumferentially adjacent spines to move away from one another.