# US 12,599,356 B2 · Fetal heart rate monitoring

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- Number: US 12,599,356 B2
- Document ID: US12599356B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/838,731
- Filed: 2023-02-07
- Published: 2025-07-03
- Granted: 2026-04-14
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-15
- Assignees: Koninklijke Philips N.V.
- Applicants: Koninklijke Philips N.V.
- Inventors: Ravindranath Radhakrishnan; Pallavi Vajinepalli; Hansjoerg Geywitz; Hoa Pham
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12599356B2

## CPC

- A61B 8/02: Measuring pulse or heart rate
- A61B 8/0866: {involving foetal diagnosis; pre-natal or peri-natal diagnosis of the baby}
- A61B 8/4245: {involving determining the position of the probe, e.g. with respect to an external reference frame or to the patient}
- A61B 8/4483: {characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer}
- A61B 8/461: {Displaying means of special interest}
- A61B 8/488: {involving Doppler signals}
- A61B 8/5215: {involving processing of medical diagnostic data}
- A61B 8/54: {Control of the diagnostic device}
- G06T 7/0012: {Biomedical image inspection}
- A61B 2562/028: Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
- G06T 2207/10132: Ultrasound image
- G06T 2207/20081: Training; Learning
- G06T 2207/30012: Spine; Backbone
- G06T 2207/30044: Fetus; Embryo
- G06T 2207/30048: Heart; Cardiac
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL

## Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasound fetal heart rate monitoring system (100). An ultrasound probe placed on a maternal abdomen provides sensor data. The ultrasound probe is first operated in an imaging mode to obtain an ultrasound image from the ultrasound probe. A trained object detection model is applied to the ultrasound image to determine whether a fetal heart is located in a target region of the ultrasound image addressable by a Doppler mode of the ultrasound probe. If the fetal heart rate is located in the target region, the ultrasound probe is switched to the Doppler mode; a Doppler ultrasound signal is obtained from the ultrasound probe; and the fetal heart rate is computed from the Doppler ultrasound signal.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An ultrasound fetal heart rate monitoring system, comprising:
a sensor interface for obtaining sensor data from an ultrasound probe to be placed on a maternal abdomen;
a data interface for accessing model data representing a trained object detection model, wherein the object detection model is configured to localize a fetal heart in an ultrasound image;
a processor subsystem configured to:
operate the ultrasound probe in an imaging mode to obtain an ultrasound image from the ultrasound probe;
apply the object detection model to the ultrasound image to determine whether a fetal heart is located in a target region of the ultrasound image detectable by a Doppler mode of the ultrasound probe;
when the fetal heart is located outside of the target region: determine guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an estimated position of the fetal heart from located positions of one or more fetal body parts localized by the object detection model, and to output determined guidance information to a display;
when a fetal spine is detected and a fetal head is not detected, determine guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an expected location of the fetal head, and/or when the fetal spine and the fetal head are detected, determine guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an expected location of the fetal heart; and
when the fetal heart is located in the target region: switch the ultrasound probe to the Doppler mode; obtain a Doppler ultrasound signal from the ultrasound probe; and compute a fetal heart rate from the Doppler ultrasound signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to operate the ultrasound probe in the imaging mode or in the Doppler mode, but not in both modes at the same time.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the processor subsystem is further configured to determine a signal quality indication of the Doppler ultrasound signal and, if the signal quality indication does not meet a predefined quality threshold, switch the ultrasound probe back to the imaging mode.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The system of claim 3, wherein the processor subsystem is configured to output the signal quality indication to a user.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The system of claim 4, wherein the outputting of the signal quality indication is of a visual indicator of the ultrasound probe.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the ultrasound probe comprises one or more piezoelectric transducers and/or one or more capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) transducers.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the processor subsystem is further configured to focus the Doppler ultrasound signal on the located position of the fetal heart.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising an output interface to a display, wherein the processor subsystem is configured to show the position of the fetal heart in the ultrasound image on the display.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, wherein the object detection model is further configured to localize one or more of the fetal head, the fetal spine, and a fetal femur, and wherein the processor subsystem is configured to show said localizations on the display.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the object detection model is configured to localize one or more of the fetal head, the fetal spine, and the fetal femur, and the processor subsystem is configured to use said localizations to determine the guidance information.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the ultrasound image is not shown on the display.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the processor subsystem is further configured to obtain orientation data indicating an orientation of the ultrasound probe via the sensor interface, and to determine the location of the fetal heart and/or the guidance information using the orientation data.

### Claim 13

A computer-implemented ultrasound fetal heart rate monitoring method, comprising:
obtaining sensor data from an ultrasound probe to be placed on a maternal abdomen;
accessing model data representing a trained object detection model, wherein the object detection model is configured to localize a fetal heart in an ultrasound image;
operating the ultrasound probe in an imaging mode to obtain an ultrasound image from the ultrasound probe;
applying the object detection model to determine whether a fetal heart is located in a position of the ultrasound image that is detectable by a Doppler mode of the ultrasound probe;
when the fetal heart is located outside of a target region: determining guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an estimated position of the fetal heart from located positions of one or more fetal body parts localized by the object detection model, and outputting determined guidance information to a display;
when a fetal spine is detected and a fetal head is not detected, determining guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an expected location of the fetal head, and/or when the fetal spine and the fetal head are detected, determin guidance information for guiding the ultrasound probe to an expected location of the fetal heart; and
when the fetal heart rate is located in the target region: switching the ultrasound probe to the Doppler mode; obtaining a Doppler ultrasound signal from the ultrasound probe; and computing a fetal heart rate from the Doppler ultrasound signal.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising data representing instructions which, when executed by a processor system, cause the processor system to perform the computer-implemented method according to claim 13.