# US 12,598,396 B2 · Random number generator for multichannel image sensing device > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,598,396 B2 - Document ID: US12598396B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/612,125 - Filed: 2024-03-21 - Published: 2024-09-26 - Granted: 2026-04-07 - Earliest claimed: 2023-03-24 - Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Chanyoung Jang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12598396B2 ## CPC - H04N 23/80: Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof - H04N 23/672: {based on the phase difference signals} - H04N 23/76: by influencing the image signals - H04N 25/60: Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise - H04N 25/618: for random or high-frequency noise - H04N 25/63: applied to dark current - H04N 25/779: Circuitry for scanning or addressing the pixel array - H04N 25/78: Readout circuits for addressed sensors, e.g. output amplifiers or A/D converters - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract An image sensing device includes a pixel array including a photoconverter configured to convert optical signals into analog electrical signals, an analog-digital converting (ADC) circuit configured to convert the analog electrical signals received from the pixel array into digital signals, an address bus, a random number generator configured to generate random numbers based on an input of least significant bits (LSBs) of a plurality of digital signals transmitted from the ADC circuit through the address bus, and a signal processor configured to perform image processing using the random numbers. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An image sensing device, comprising: a pixel array comprising a photoconverter configured to convert optical signals into analog electrical signals; an analog-digital converting (ADC) circuit configured to convert the analog electrical signals received from the pixel array into digital signals; an address bus; a random number generator configured to generate random numbers based on an input of least significant bits (LSBs) of a plurality of digital signals transmitted from the ADC circuit through the address bus; and a signal processor configured to perform image processing using the random numbers, wherein the random number generator comprises: a random seed number generator configured to generate M random seed numbers based on the N LSBs, wherein N is a positive integer greater than one, and wherein M is a positive integer less than or equal to N; and a shift register configured to generate the random numbers based on the M random seed numbers. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The image sensing device of claim 1, wherein the LSBs of the plurality of digital signals are transmitted from the address bus to the signal processor through a plurality of channels. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The image sensing device of claim 1, wherein N is greater than or equal to four and less than or equal to 16. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The image sensing device of claim 1, wherein the random seed number generator is further configured to: generate the M random seed numbers based on the N LSBs of the plurality of digital signals and a mode value selected from among a plurality of mode values, the mode value being selected based on at least one of a brightness of an image and a gain of the image, and wherein the random seed number generator is configured to generate the M random seed numbers by: generating, based on the mode value being a first mode value, a random seed number by merging the N LSBs of the plurality of digital signals; generating, based on the mode value being a second mode value, the M random seed numbers by merging the N LSBs of the plurality of digital signals; and generating, based on the mode value being a third mode value, N random seed numbers without merging the N LSBs of the plurality of digital signals. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The image sensing device of claim 4, wherein the random seed number generator is further configured to: select the third mode value as the mode value, based on the brightness of the image being a maximum brightness and the gain of the image being a maximum gain. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The image sensing device of claim 4, wherein the random seed number generator is further configured to: select the first mode value as the mode value, based on the brightness of the image being a minimum brightness and the gain of the image being a minimum gain. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The image sensing device of claim 4, wherein the random seed number generator is further configured to: generate two random seed numbers by merging the N LSBs based on the mode value selected based on at least one of the brightness of the image and the gain of the image. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The image sensing device of claim 1, wherein the shift register comprises at least one of a Galois feedback register, a Fibonacci feedback register, and an XOR register. ### Claim 9 An operating method of an image device, comprising: generating a plurality of analog electrical signals by a pixel array comprising a plurality of photoconverters that convert optical signals into the plurality of analog electrical signals; converting the plurality of analog electrical signals generated by the pixel array into a plurality of digital signals; receiving N least significant bit (LSB) values of the plurality of digital signals, N being a positive integer greater than one; generating M random seed numbers based on the N LSB values based on at least one of a brightness of an image and a gain of the image, wherein M is a positive integer less than or equal to N; and generating, by a linear feedback shift register, random numbers based on the M random seed numbers. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the N LSB values comprise random noise signals of pixels. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the generating of the M random seed numbers comprises at least one of: generating a random seed number by merging the N LSBs, based on the brightness being a minimum brightness and the gain being a minimum gain; generating 2 to N−1 random seed numbers by merging N LSBs; and generating N random seed numbers without merging the N LSBs, based on the brightness being a maximum brightness and the gain being a maximum gain. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: performing stochastic rounding using the random numbers. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the performing of the stochastic rounding is performed as part of decimal processing during or subsequent to bad pixel processing. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the performing of the stochastic rounding is performed as part of decimal processing during or subsequent to dark level correction. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the performing of the stochastic rounding is performed as part of decimal processing during or subsequent to digital gain compensation for image processing. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the performing of the stochastic rounding is performed as part of decimal processing during or subsequent to error correction due to crosstalk between adjacent pixels. ### Claim 17 An image sensing device, comprising: a pixel array comprising a cluster cell in which a plurality of pixels of a same color are disposed adjacently; an analog-to-digital converting (ADC) circuit configured to convert a plurality of analog signals generated from the plurality of pixels into a plurality of digital signals; a random number generator configured to receive a plurality of least significant bits (LSBs) of the plurality of digital signals and generate random numbers based on the plurality of LSBs; and a signal processor configured to perform image processing using the random numbers, wherein the random number generator comprises: a random seed number generator configured to generate M random seed numbers based on the N LSBs, wherein N is a positive integer greater than one, and wherein M is a positive integer less than or equal to N; and a shift register configured to generate the random numbers based on the M random seed numbers. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The image sensing device of claim 17, wherein the cluster cell comprises one selected from among 4, 9, and 16 sub-pixels, and wherein the random number generator is further configured to: generate, when a brightness of an image is greater than a preset brightness value, random seed numbers based on the plurality of LSBs generated in each pixel of the plurality of pixels; generate, when the brightness of the image is less than the preset brightness value, random seed numbers based on the plurality of LSBs generated from the plurality of analog signals from the cluster cell; and generate a random seed number selected from among 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 based on mode values created based on the brightness of the image and a gain of the image. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The image sensing device of claim 17, wherein the random number generator is further configured to: determine one or more sections based on a gain of an image; generate a plurality of random seed numbers based on sections of the one or more sections with a gain exceeding a predetermined gain threshold, and generate a random seed number by merging sections of the one or more sections with gains less than the predetermined gain threshold.