Optical element

An optical element comprising:

• a first liquid crystal cell;
• a second liquid crystal cell over the first liquid crystal cell;
• a third liquid crystal cell over the second liquid crystal cell;
• and
• a fourth liquid crystal cell over the third liquid crystal cell,
• wherein the first liquid crystal cell comprises:
• a first substrate on which a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in a first direction;
• and
• a second substrate on which a third transparent electrode and a fourth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
• the second liquid crystal cell comprises:
• a third substrate adjacent to the second substrate and on which a fifth transparent electrode and a sixth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the first direction;
• and
• a fourth substrate on which a seventh transparent electrode and an eighth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the second direction,
• the third liquid crystal cell comprises:
• a fifth substrate adjacent to the fourth substrate and on which a ninth transparent electrode and a tenth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the second direction;
• and
• a sixth substrate on which an eleventh transparent electrode and a twelfth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the first direction,
• the fourth liquid crystal cell comprises:
• a seventh substrate adjacent to the sixth substrate and on which a thirteenth transparent electrode and a fourteenth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the second direction;
• and
• an eighth substrate on which a fifteenth transparent electrode and a sixteenth transparent electrode are alternately arranged in a comb shape in the first direction,
• the second substrate and the third substrate are disposed to face each other,
• the fourth substrate and the fifth substrate are disposed to face each other,
• the sixth substrate and the seventh substrate are disposed to face each other,
• the first transparent electrode and the fifteenth transparent electrode are electrically connected to each other so as to supply a first potential,
• the second transparent electrode and the sixteenth transparent electrode are electrically connected to each other so as to supply a second potential,
• a third potential is supplied to the third transparent electrode and the thirteenth transparent electrode,
• a fourth potential is supplied to the fourth transparent electrode and the fourteenth transparent electrode,
• a fifth potential is supplied to the fifth transparent electrode and the eleventh transparent electrode,
• a sixth potential is supplied to the sixth transparent electrode and the twelfth transparent electrode,
• a seventh potential is supplied to the seventh transparent electrode and the ninth transparent electrode,
• an eighth potential is supplied to the eighth transparent electrode and the tenth transparent electrode, and
• the first to eighth potentials include three potentials with different absolute values.