Hinge system with adjustable resistance

An adjustable resistance hinge system of a joint connecting at least a first articulating member and a second articulating member, the first and the second articulating members comprising adjacent arm, neck, torso, hip or leg members of a human manikin, the hinge system comprising:

• a central element comprising an elongate body having a centrally-disposed aperture pivotably receiving a pivot fastener therethrough defining a hinge axis about which the first articulating member is rotatable relative to the second articulating member, the central element comprising a first and a second elongate arm at opposing longitudinal ends thereof, each elongate arm extending away from the hinge axis and received within a respective one of the first and second articulating members;
• a pair of first and second keeping elements spaced apart from the central element along the hinge axis, each keeping element comprising an elongate body extending away from the hinge axis and received within a respective one of the first and second articulating members, each keeping element having an aperture disposed at a proximal end thereof pivotably receiving the pivot fastener therethrough, and one or more fixing elements located at a distal end of the elongate body and configured to be attached to one of the first and the second articulating members, respectively;
• and
• a first and a second biasing device, positioned in the first and second articulating members, respectively, and engageable with the first and the second elongate arms, respectively, each biasing device engaging with a respective one of the first and second articulating members and an engaging surface of a distal end of a respective one of the first and second elongate arms;
• wherein the first and the second biasing devices engage the central element to resist rotation of the central element within the first and second articulating members and relative motion of the first and the second articulating members about the hinge axis.