# US 12,594,848 B1 · Charging device for autonomous ground vehicle

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- Number: US 12,594,848 B1
- Document ID: US12594848B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 17/215,777
- Filed: 2021-03-29
- Granted: 2026-04-07
- Earliest claimed: 2021-03-29
- Assignees: Amazon Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: Amazon Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Alan Baird; Oleg Kantor; Alexander M. Frenkel; Michael Bathurst; Timothy James Ong; Austin Jensen
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12594848B1

## CPC

- B60L 53/30: Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L 53/10: characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer
- B60L 53/16: Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 90/10: Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations
- Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Aspects described herein include an apparatus for charging an autonomous ground vehicle (AGV). The apparatus includes a plurality of first electrical contacts coupled to a power supply and that project upwardly from a base, and a plurality of receiver sections dimensioned to retain portions of a plurality of axially-aligned wheels of the AGV. The first electrical contacts are arranged relative to the plurality of receiver sections such that when the axially-aligned wheels roll into the plurality of receiver sections, second electrical contacts of the AGV are contacted to the first electrical contacts. After a plurality of the second electrical contacts are contacted with power contacts of the first electrical contacts, at least one other of the second electrical contacts is contacted with a control contact of the first electrical contacts to enable power delivery to the AGV through the power contacts.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for charging an autonomous ground vehicle (AGV), the apparatus comprising:
a base;
a power supply;
a plurality of first electrical contacts coupled to the power supply and that project upwardly from the base, the plurality of first electrical contacts comprising a plurality of power contacts and one or more control contacts, the plurality of power contacts aligned and the one or more control contacts offset from the plurality of power contacts in a direction of engagement of the AGV; and
a plurality of receiver sections dimensioned to retain portions of the AGV,
wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts are arranged relative to the plurality of receiver sections such that when the AGV engages the plurality of receiver sections a plurality of second electrical contacts of the AGV sequentially contact the plurality of power contacts and the one or more control contacts, the plurality of power contacts being contacted prior to the one or more control contacts, and wherein at least one of the plurality of second electrical contacts of the AGV contacting the one or more control contacts enables power delivery to the AGV.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: one or more computer processors configured to:
transmit a control signal through the one or more control contacts to the AGV, wherein the control signal operates a relay of the AGV to contact one or more battery terminals to the plurality of second electrical contacts; and
measure a voltage between the plurality of second electrical contacts; and enable the power delivery to the AGV responsive to the measured voltage.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts are lowered into contact with the plurality of first electrical contacts.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the plurality of power contacts are elastically-biased electrical contacts that project to a first height, and
wherein the one or more control contacts projects to a second height less than the first height.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1,
wherein an upper portion of the base is compliantly connected with a lower portion of the base,
wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts project upwardly from the upper portion, and wherein lowering the plurality of second electrical contacts into contact with the plurality of first electrical contacts causes the upper portion to be depressed.

### Claim 6

A system for charging multiple autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs), the system comprising:
a plurality of rails spaced apart from each other, the plurality of rails configured to receive portions of an AGV, the plurality of rails being engageable by the AGV from two directions; and
a plurality of charging devices serially arranged between the plurality of rails, the plurality of charging devices configured to simultaneously charge a plurality of AGVs, wherein each charging device comprises:
a base connected to receiver sections disposed on respective ones of the plurality of rails, each receiver section dimensioned to engage the AGV; and
a plurality of first electrical contacts projecting upwardly from the base and arranged between the receiver sections, the plurality of first electrical contacts comprising a plurality of power contacts and one or more control contacts, the plurality of power contacts aligned and the one or more control contacts offset from the plurality of power contacts in a direction of engagement of the AGV,
wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts are arranged relative to the receiver sections such that when the AGV engages the receiver sections, a plurality of second electrical contacts of the AGV sequentially contact the plurality of power contacts and the one or more control contacts, the plurality of power contacts being contacted prior to the one or more control contacts, and wherein at least one of the plurality of second electrical contacts of the AGV contacting the one or more control contacts enables power delivery to the AGV through the plurality of power contacts.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of charging devices comprise: one or more computer processors configured to:
transmit a control signal through the one or more control contacts to the AGV, wherein the control signal operates a relay of the AGV to contact one or more battery terminals to the plurality of second electrical contacts; and
measure a voltage between the plurality of second electrical contacts; and
enable the power delivery to the AGV responsive to the measured voltage.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein at least one of the receiver sections comprise a plurality of arcuate detents.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6,
wherein the plurality of power contacts are elastically-biased electrical contacts that project to a first height, and
wherein the one or more control contacts projects to a second height less than the first height.

### Claim 10 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts are lowered into contact with the plurality of first electrical contacts.

### Claim 11 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts are arranged relative to the receiver sections such that leading edges of the plurality of first electrical contacts pass trailing edges of the plurality of second electrical contacts prior to contacting the plurality of second electrical contacts.

### Claim 12

An autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) and a charging device system comprising:
the AGV comprising:
a battery;
a powertrain electrically coupled with the battery;
and
a charging interface comprising a plurality of first electrical contacts, and the charging device comprising:
a plurality of rails configured to receive portions of the AGV;
a plurality of receiver sections;
a plurality of power contacts aligned and arranged between the plurality of receiver sections; and
a control contact arranged between the plurality of receiver sections, the control contact being offset from the plurality of power contacts in a direction of engagement of the AGV,
wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts are arranged such that, when the AGV engages the plurality of receiver sections of the charging device, the plurality of first electrical contacts sequentially contact the plurality of power contacts and the control contact, the plurality of power contacts being contacted prior to the control contact,
wherein, one of the plurality of first electrical contacts contacting the control contact enables power delivery from the charging device through the plurality of power contacts.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) and charging device system of claim 12, further comprising: a relay coupled with the battery,
wherein, responsive to a control signal received through the control contact, the relay is operated to contact one or more terminals of the battery to the plurality of first electrical contacts, and
wherein power delivery from the charging device is enabled responsive to a voltage across the plurality of first electrical contacts.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) and charging device system of claim 12, further comprising:
a sensor configured to detect an identification pattern on a top surface of the charging device; and
one or more computer processors configured to:
determine, using the identification pattern, whether the charging device is assigned to deliver power to the autonomous ground vehicle.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) and charging device system of claim 14, wherein the one or more computer processors configured to:
responsive to determining that the charging device is not assigned to deliver power to the autonomous ground vehicle, operate the powertrain to disengage the AGV from the plurality of receiver sections.