# US 12,593,998 B2 · Device, apparatus and method of determining skin perfusion pressure > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,593,998 B2 - Document ID: US12593998B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/443,146 - Filed: 2024-02-15 - Published: 2024-09-12 - Granted: 2026-04-07 - Earliest claimed: 2018-09-12 - Assignees: Smith & Nephew, Inc. - Applicants: Smith & Nephew PLC - Inventors: Allan Kenneth Frazer Grugeon Hunt; Peter Georg Laitenberger; Lee Ian Partington; Marcus Damian Phillips; Felix Clarence Quintanar - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12593998B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/0053: {by applying pressure, e.g. compression, indentation, palpation, grasping, gauging} - A61B 5/0261: {using optical means, e.g. infrared light} - A61B 5/0004: {characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted} - A61B 5/022: by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers - A61B 5/026: Measuring blood flow {(A61B3/1233, A61B3/1241 take precedence)} - A61B 5/0265: using electromagnetic means, e.g. electromagnetic flowmeter - A61B 5/445: {Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore} - A61B 5/4836: {Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods (A61B5/0036 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/6843: {Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure} - A61B 5/742: {using visual displays (displays for heart-related electrical signals, e.g. ECG, A61B5/339)} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract Disclosed embodiments relate to apparatuses and methods for a skin perfusion pressure determination device. In some embodiments, a skin perfusion pressure determination device can include a sensor module including a first sensor for sensing a first parameter associated with a pressure exerted on a target area by the sensor module and a second sensor for sensing a second parameter associated with an amount of blood perfusion at the target area, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged such that, when the sensor module is pressed against the target area the first sensor produces an output corresponding to the sensed first parameter and the second sensor produces an output corresponding to the sensed second parameter, a proximal end assembly configured to contact the target area, a display to provide feedback of the pressure exerted on a target area and/or the amount of blood perfusion at the target area, and a communication device for providing data transfer from the skin perfusion pressure determination device to a control unit. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A skin perfusion pressure determination device comprising: a housing including a proximal end and a distal end, the housing comprising a plunger assembly configured to contact and exert force on a target area, the plunger assembly comprising: a casing with a grip portion; and a sleeve configured to move in a proximal to distal direction relative to the casing from a first expanded configuration in which the sleeve extends proximally from the proximal end of the casing to a second retracted configuration in which the sleeve is retracted into the casing responsive to a force being exerted on the target area; one or more sensors positioned within the housing, the one or more sensors configured to detect a force exerted on the target area and an amount of blood perfusion at the target area; and an output interface configured to provide indication of the force exerted on the target area, the output interface comprising an indicator portion; wherein the sleeve comprises a partially translucent or transparent material and is configured to allow the indicator portion to be seen in at least part of the sleeve; and wherein a portion of the indicator portion is configured to be hidden as the sleeve is moved to a second retracted configuration in which the sleeve is retracted into the casing responsive to a force being exerted on the target area. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the output interface further comprises an LED, wherein the indicator portion is configured to display light emitted from the LED. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 2, further comprising a support structure within the housing, wherein the support structure is configured to support the LED. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 2, wherein light emitted from the indicator portion can indicate different states to the user by one or more of an intensity change, a blink, a color change, and/or a sequence of flashes. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the grip portion is at a proximal end of the casing. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the indicator portion at least partially circumferentially surrounds the housing. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the grip portion is distal to the output interface and comprises a flared portion configured to prevent a user from covering the output interface. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, further comprising a spring at the distal end of the housing configured to exert a force on the plunger assembly and control the force exerted on the target area. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, further comprising a support structure within the housing, wherein the support structure supports one or more of a sensor, electrical connection for a sensor, a PCB, a battery, battery contacts, and/or an LED. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensors comprises a first sensor for sensing a first parameter associated with a force exerted on the target area by the one or more sensors and a second sensor for sensing a second parameter associated with an amount of blood perfusion at the target area, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged such that, when the one or more sensors are pressed against the target area the first sensor produces an output corresponding to the sensed first parameter and the second sensor produces an output corresponding to the sensed second parameter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensors comprise a first sensor configured to detect the amount of blood perfusion at the target area and/or a second sensor configured to detect the force exerted on the target area. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 11, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are positioned at a proximal end of the housing. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 11, wherein the first sensor is positioned at a proximal end of the housing and the second sensor is positioned at the distal end of the plunger assembly and proximal to a spring. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 11, wherein the first sensor is an optical sensor. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 11, wherein the second sensor is a force sensor. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the housing is an elongate housing. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a proximal end cap configured to contact the target area, wherein the proximal end cap comprises one or more of a flange shape, a dome shape, a curved shape, a tapered shape, or a nipple shape. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the indicator portion comprises a portion of the grip portion. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The skin perfusion pressure determination device of claim 1, wherein the indicator portion comprises a row of indicators on the housing.