Anti-resonant hollow-core fiber having offset and fan-shaped cladding elements

An anti-resonant hollow-core fiber, comprising:

• an outer jacket tube, provided with an;
• support members, disposed in the outer jacket tube and in contact with the inner surface;
• and
• cladding elements, disposed in the outer jacket tube, and comprising a plurality of first cladding elements, wherein:
• the plurality of first cladding elements define a central air region of the anti-resonant hollow-core fiber,
• any two adjacent first cladding elements in the plurality of first cladding elements are in contact with each other,
• the plurality of first cladding elements comprise first cladding primary elements and first cladding secondary elements, the first cladding primary elements and the first cladding secondary elements are disposed alternatively to each other, at least some first cladding primary elements in the first cladding primary elements are arranged to be in contact with a maximum virtual inscribed circle in the central air region, and none of the first cladding secondary elements is in contact with the maximum virtual inscribed circle,
• each of the first cladding primary elements is in contact with a corresponding support member that is in contact with the inner surface, and the support member is located between the corresponding first cladding primary element and the inner surface of the outer jacket tube,
• a ratio of a spacing between any two adjacent first cladding primary elements and a radius of the maximum virtual inscribed circle is larger than 0.1 and is smaller than 1.5,
• the first cladding primary elements comprise at least one first primary nested element, and
• a shape of each of the first cladding secondary elements and shapes of the first cladding primary elements are different, each of the first cladding primary elements has a fan shape with two side walls being substantially straight, each of the first cladding secondary elements is in contact with two adjacent first cladding primary elements of the first cladding primary elements, each of the first cladding primary elements is in contact with two adjacent first cladding secondary elements of the first cladding secondary elements, and contact points between the first cladding primary elements and the first cladding secondary elements are thicker than side walls of the first cladding primary elements.