Printing processes for producing textured images

A digital inkjet printing process for forming a 2.5D pattern on a surface region of a substrate, the process comprising depositing a water-based color ink formulation on a substrate having a cured or dry recipient surface region to thereby form a layered 2.5D pattern comprising an ink-jetted plurality of material layers structured to adopt the 2.5D pattern with a preselected design;

• wherein
• the water-based ink formulation optionally containing a pigment, the 2.5D pattern having a thickness of not greater than 1 mm, wherein
• the process does not comprise deposition of UV-based ink formulations or UV-irradiation steps, and wherein
• the recipient surface is formed by deposition of a water-based recipient formulation and curing or drying said deposited water-based recipient formulation;
• the water-based recipient formulation consisting of water, an ink fixation agent, a surfactant and a vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer (VAE)-based material selected from the group consisting of VAE and a VAE derivative wherein the ink fixation agent is selected from a metal salt, an ammonium salt, a sulfonium salt, a phosphonium, a polyethyleneimine salt, a polyvinyl amine salt, a polyallyl amine salt, a polydimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate quaternary salt, a polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium salt, a diallylamine acrylic amide copolymer salt, and a quaternary ammonium salt of polystyrene.