Sputtering apparatus

A sputtering apparatus comprising:

• a processing chamber;
• a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate with a substrate holding surface in a processing space in the processing chamber;
• a first sputtering module including a first target holder configured to hold a first target such that a first surface of the first target faces the processing space, a first magnet arranged to face the first target via the first target holder, and a first rotation mechanism configured to rotate the first magnet;
• a second sputtering module including a second target holder configured to hold a second target such that a second surface of the second target faces the processing space, a second magnet arranged to face the second target via the second target holder, and a second rotation mechanism configured to rotate the second magnet;
• a third target holder configured to hold a third target such that a third surface of the third target faces the processing space;
• and
• a shield arranged so as to surround at least a part of the processing space such that the processing space is separated, by the shield, from an exhaust space which is provided within the processing chamber and is exhausted by an exhaust unit, the shield including a top portion having first, second and third openings in which the first target holder, the second target holder, and the third target holder are disposed, respectively, and a bottom portion having a fourth opening in which the substrate holder is arranged, a lateral dimension of the substrate holder being smaller than a minimum lateral dimension of the fourth opening so that the exhaust space communicates with the processing space through a gap between the substrate holder and the bottom portion at the fourth opening,
• wherein
• a point of the first surface which is closest to the substrate or a point of the second surface which is closest to the substrate is exposed to a center of the substrate;
• the first target holder holds the first target such that an orthogonal projection vector of a first normal vector, which is a normal vector of the first surface, with respect to a first virtual plane including the substrate holding surface is directed to a direction away from the substrate,
• the second target holder holds the second target such that an orthogonal projection vector of a second normal vector, which is a normal vector of the second surface, with respect to the first virtual plane is directed to a direction away from the substrate,
• the third target holder holds the third target such that an orthogonal projection vector of a third normal vector, which is a normal vector of the third surface, with respect to the first virtual plane is directed to a direction away from the substrate and away from one of the first target or the second target,
• the orthogonal projection vector of the third normal vector is parallel to an orthogonal projection, with respect to the first virtual plane, of a virtual straight line which passes through 1) a center of the first target or a center of the second target and 2) a center of the third target, and
• the lateral dimension of the substrate holder is smaller than a distance between the first target and the second target,
• the first target holder and the second target holder are arranged such that the center of the first target, the center of the second target, and the center of the substrate are arranged in a second virtual plane,
• the orthogonal projection vector of the first normal vector with respect to the first virtual plane and the orthogonal projection vector of the second normal vector with respect to the first virtual plane are both parallel to the second virtual plane,
• an angle between the first normal vector and a virtual straight line perpendicular to the virtual plane is larger than 0° and not larger than 10°, and
• an angle between the second normal vector and the virtual straight line perpendicular to the virtual plane is larger than 0° and not larger than 10°.