Method of dyeing fabric using microorganisms

A method of preparing substrate containing a microorganism comprising:

• culturing a factor-producing microorganism in the presence of a substrate to which the microbiologically-produced factor is to be applied, and in the presence of a growth medium comprising a carbon source above a threshold concentration, such that the microorganism is cultured in contact with the substrate and the growth of the microorganism is lower than when the carbon source is present at a concentration of 1% (v/v), to cause a morphological change in the microorganism, and to cause the microorganism to entangle and adsorb to the substrate:
• wherein the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of eukaryotic microorganisms and bacteria, and
• the carbon source is selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, glycerol, fructose, xylose, lactose, arabinose, maltose, xanthoses, citrate, potato starch, yeast extract and mixtures thereof.