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US 12,573,768 B1Granted
Directional antenna system
AssigneeRaytheon Company
InventorRobert L. Eisenhart
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A directional antenna system 10. The invention includes four independent antenna elements 14, 16, 18 and 20, each configured to provide a specific set of characteristics. When used for reception, the outputs from these elements are uniquely related and processed to determine the direction of a source emitter relative to the positioning of the elements independent of the polarization of the radiated energy.
Claims4
A directional antenna and signal processing system for a missile comprising:
- first means including a first linear antenna element for providing an x axis output voltage VV;
- second means including a second linear antenna element mounted in orthogonal coplanar alignment with said first antenna element providing a y axis output voltage VH;
- third means including a third linear antenna element mounted in orthogonal alignment with said first and second antenna elements providing a z axis output signal VΘ;
- fourth means including a fourth antenna element, said fourth antenna element being a loop antenna coplanar with said first and second elements providing a second z axis output signal Vφ;
- and
- means for processing signals provided by each of said antenna elements to provide output azimuth and elevation directionality signals σaz and σel by implementing the equations:
- σ
- az
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- H
- -
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- V
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- σ
- e
-
- l
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- V
- +
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- H
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- .
52 more elements
A method for providing a directional output signal including the steps of:
- a) providing an x axis electric dipole output signal VV;
- b) providing a y axis electric dipole output signal VH, said y axis being orthogonal to said x axis;
- c) providing a z axis output electric dipole signal VΘ, said z axis being orthogonal with said x and y axes;
- d) providing a z axis magnetic loop output signal Vφ, said z axis being coplanar with said x and y axes;
- and
- e) processing each of said signals to provide output azimuth and elevation directionality signals σaz and σel by implementing the equations:
- σ
- az
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- H
- -
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- V
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- σ
- e
-
- l
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- V
- +
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- H
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- .
52 more elements
A directional antenna system comprising:
- first means for providing a first electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (Θ)}x of uniform amplitude and linear vertical polarization in an x, y, and z coordinate system where the z axis represents a boresight from said antenna system and providing an x axis output voltage VV;
- second means disposed in a plane of said first means and having a common midsection therewith at a center of said antenna system for providing a second electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (Θ)}y of uniform amplitude and linear horizontal polarization, said center of said antenna system being the origin thereof and providing a y axis output voltage VH;
- third means for providing a third electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (Θ)}z having an amplitude proportional to a first angle {circumflex over (Θ)}z between said z axis and a line-of-sight from said origin of said antenna system to a target and radial polarization and providing a first z axis output signal VΘ;
- fourth means for providing a fourth electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (φ)}z having an amplitude proportional to said first angle Θz and tangential polarization and providing a second z axis output signal Vφ;
- and
- means for processing signals provided by each of said antenna elements to provide output azimuth and elevation directionality signals σaz and σel by implementing the equations:
- σ
- az
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- H
- -
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- V
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- σ
- e
-
- l
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- V
- +
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- H
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- .
52 more elements
A method for providing a directional output signal including the steps of:
- providing a first electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (θ)}x of uniform amplitude and linear vertical polarization in an x, y, and z coordinate system where the z axis represents a boresight from said antenna system and an x axis output voltage VV;
- providing a second electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (θ)}y of uniform amplitude and linear horizontal polarization and a y axis output voltage VH;
- providing a third electric field radiation sensitivity pattern {circumflex over (θ)}z having an amplitude proportional to a first angle θz between said z axis and a line-of-sight to a target with radial polarization and a first z axis output signal Vθ;
- providing a fourth electric field radiation sensitivity pattern φz having an amplitude proportional to said first angle θz with tangential polarization and a second z axis output signal Vφ;
- and
- processing signals provided by each of said antenna elements to provide output azimuth and elevation directionality signals σAZ and σEL respectively, in accordance with the following equations:
- σ
- az
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- H
- -
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- V
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- σ
- e
-
- l
- =
- V
- Θ
-
- V
- V
- +
- V
- ϕ
-
- V
- H
- (
- V
- H
- 2
- +
- V
- V
- 2
- )
- .
52 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.