Modeling of multi-path reflection for generating wireless connectivity heatmaps for physical environments

A device comprising:

• one or more memories having computer-readable instructions stored therein;
• and
• one or more processors configured to execute the computer-readable instructions to:
• determine a 2-dimensional Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for a physical environment;
• determine a viewshed for an access point in the physical environment using the 2-dimensional DEM;
• identify at least one obstacle that is visible from the access point;
• for each point in space within the physical environment that is on a same side of the at least one obstacle as the access point:
• determine a respective first Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), the respective first RSSI being associated with a direct Line of Sight (LOS) ray from the access point to a corresponding point in the space,
• determine a respective second RSSI for each of the at least one obstacle to yield at least one second RSSI, wherein the respective second RSSI is determined based on a transmission power of the access point, a gain of an antenna of the access point, a reflection loss for each of the at least one obstacle, and a corresponding path loss associated with a path between the access point, a reflection point on a respective plane of the at least one obstacle, and the corresponding point in the space;
• and
• determine a respective Radio Frequency (RF) power based on the respective first RSSI and the at least one second RSSI, wherein the respective RF power is further processed for generating a 3-dimensional (3D) heatmap for the physical environment.

One or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising computer-readable instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an end terminal, cause the end terminal to:

• determine a 2-dimensional Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for a physical environment;
• determine a viewshed for an access point in the physical environment using the 2-dimensional DEM;
• identify at least one obstacle that is visible from the access point;
• for each point in space within the physical environment that is on a same side of the at least one obstacle as the access point:
• determine a respective first Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), the respective first RSSI being associated with a direct Line of Sight (LOS) ray from the access point to a corresponding point in the space,
• determine a respective second RSSI for each of the at least one obstacle to yield at least one second RSSI, wherein the respective second RSSI is determined based on a transmission power of the access point, a gain of an antenna of the access point, a reflection loss for each of the at least one obstacle, and a corresponding path loss associated with a path between the access point, a reflection point on a respective plane of the at least one obstacle, and the corresponding point in the space;
• and
• determine a respective Radio Frequency (RF) power based on the respective first RSSI and the at least one second RSSI, wherein the respective RF power is further processed for generating a 3-dimensional (3D) heatmap for the physical environment.