Photoelectric conversion device, electromagnetic wave detection device, photoelectric conversion method and electromagnetic wave detection method

A photoelectric conversion device comprising:

• an electron emitter including a meta-surface emitting an electron in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave;
• and
• a housing configured to be airtightly sealed and have a window unit transmitting an electromagnetic wave therethrough, wherein
• the electron emitter is disposed within the housing, and
• the meta-surface includes a first antenna portion extending in a first direction and emitting an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave, a first bias portion facing the first antenna portion and configured to generate an electric field having a component in the first direction between the first bias portion and the first antenna portion, a second antenna portion extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and emitting an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave, and a second bias portion facing the second antenna portion and configured to generate an electric field having a component in the second direction between the second bias portion and the second antenna portion.

A photoelectric conversion method comprising:

• a step of using a meta-surface including a first antenna portion extending a first direction, a first bias portion facing the first antenna portion, a second antenna portion extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a second bias portion facing the second antenna portion, and emitting an electron from the first antenna portion in a state where an electric field having a component in the first direction is generated between the first bias portion and the first antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on a meta-surface, and
• a step of using the meta-surface and emitting an electron from the second antenna portion in a state where an electric field having a component in a second direction is generated between the second bias portion and the second antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on the meta-surface, wherein
• the step of emitting an electron from the first antenna portion includes:
• a first electron emission step of emitting an electron from the first antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on the meta-surface in a first state where electric potentials are applied to the meta-surface in such a manner that a component of an electric field from the first bias portion toward the first antenna portion in the first direction is positive, and
• a second electron emission step of emitting an electron from the first antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on the meta-surface in a second state where electric potentials are applied to the meta-surface in such a manner that a component of an electric field from the first bias portion toward the first antenna portion in the first direction is negative, and
• the step of emitting an electron from the second antenna portion includes:
• a third electron emission step of emitting an electron from the second antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on the meta-surface in a third state where electric potentials are applied to the meta-surface in such a manner that a component of an electric field from the second bias portion toward the second antenna portion in the second direction is positive, and
• a fourth electron emission step of emitting an electron from the second antenna portion in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave to be measured on the meta-surface in a fourth state where electric potentials are applied to the meta-surface in such a manner that a component of an electric field from the second bias portion toward the second antenna portion in the second direction is negative.