Ammonia and urea production in reverse flow reactors

A method for performing reforming, comprising:

• reacting a fuel mixture comprising a fuel stream and an oxygen-containing stream under combustion conditions in a combustion zone within a reactor to form a flue gas and to heat one or more surfaces in a reaction zone to a regenerated surface temperature of 600° C. or more, the reaction zone comprising a catalyst composition, the oxygen-containing stream further comprising N2, the fuel mixture comprising 0.1 vol % or more O2 relative to a volume of the fuel mixture;
• separating, from the flue gas, an N2-containing stream comprising 95 vol % or more N2;
• exposing a hydrocarbon-containing stream to the catalyst composition in the reaction zone at the regenerated surface temperature under reforming conditions to form a reforming product stream comprising H2 and CO, a direction of flow for the hydrocarbon-containing stream within the reaction zone being reversed relative to a direction of flow for the fuel mixture;
• and
• forming an H2-containing stream comprising 50 vol % or more H2 from at least a portion of the reforming product stream;
• methanating at least a portion of the H2-containing stream to form a methanated stream;
• and
• exposing the methanated stream and at least a portion of the N2-containing stream to ammonia synthesis conditions to form an ammonia-containing product,
• i) wherein the reactor comprises a reverse flow reactor;
• ii) wherein the reactor comprises a reactor system, the reactor system comprising a recuperator portion and a portion including the reaction zone;
• or iii) a combination of i) and ii).