Phytosphingosine derivatives as adjuvants in immune stimulation

A compound according to formula (I):

• wherein
• R1 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group, wherein R1 is optionally substituted with —halogen, —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, —SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, —OPO3R13, or wherein R1 is absent,
• wherein R10, R11 and R12 are, independently, a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, cycloalkyl or an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, or protecting groups, and R13 is H or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group;
• A is H, cycloalkyl, an aromatic for heteroaromatic) group, a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy, wherein A is optionally substituted with:
• —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, —OPO3R13, wherein preferably R1 is absent when A is a cycloalkyl group,
• or wherein A is an amino acid or a polypeptide;
• R2 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group, wherein R2 is optionally substituted with —halogen, —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, —SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, —OPO3R13, or wherein R2 is absent, D is H, cycloalkyl, an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy, wherein D is optionally substituted with:
• —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• ═O, NR102, acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, —OPO3R13,
• or wherein D is an amino acid or a polypeptide;
• E is, independently, —H, alkyl, —halogen, —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, —SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, or —OPO3R13;
• G is a saccharide, wherein the saccharide is optionally substituted with —halogen, —OH, —NH2, —NHR10, —N3, —C═O;
• acetal, —CO2H, —CO2R11, —SO3H, —SO3R11, —SH;
• —SR12, maleimide, —OPO3R13, alkyl, or ester—, alkyl— or amide-aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents;
• wherein optionally two compounds according to formula (I) are covalently bonded to each other at their respective R2 groups, thereby forming R15, wherein R15 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group, and wherein D is absent,
• or wherein optionally two compounds according to formula (I) are covalently bonded to each other at their respective R1 groups, thereby forming R18, wherein R18 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxy group, and wherein A is absent.