Toner and toner production method

A toner production method for producing a toner including a toner particle containing a binding resin and an inorganic oxide particle,

• the production method comprising obtaining the toner particle,
• wherein the obtaining the toner particle includes obtaining a pre-hot-air surface treatment toner particle and subjecting the pre-hot-air surface treatment toner particle to surface treatment with hot air,
• wherein the obtaining a pre-hot-air surface treatment toner particle includes melting and kneading the binding resin and the inorganic oxide particle,
• wherein the inorganic oxide particle is a particle of an oxide containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of:
• Si;
• Mg;
• Al;
• Ti;
• and Sr,
• wherein, when an area of the inorganic oxide particle is represented by Sm and a sectional area of the toner is represented by St in a cross-section of the toner observed with a transmission electron microscope, Sm/St is 4.0% or more,
• wherein an area Sm of the inorganic oxide particle that occupies each of four regions obtained by dividing the cross-section of the toner by a long diameter of the toner and a perpendicular bisector of the long diameter has a standard deviation of 0.40 or more in the observed cross-section, and
• wherein the toner has an average circularity of 0.950 or more.