Roll-to-roll based 3D printing through computed axial lithography

A roll-to-roll computed axial lithography system, comprising:

• an optical illumination system;
• an optical modulation system arranged to receive light from said optical illumination system and being further configured to output a spatially and temporally modulated illumination pattern of light;
• and
• a web-handling system configured to receive and transport a web such that a portion of said web will be in an optical path of said optical modulation system at an instant of time during operation, said web comprising a layer of photosensitive material,
• wherein said web-handling system comprises a development module arranged to render three-dimensional structures from said layer of photosensitive material that has been exposed to said spatially and temporally modulated illumination pattern of light,
• wherein said spatially and temporally modulated illumination pattern of light provides predetermined three-dimensional regions within a bulk of said layer of photosensitive material that are exposed beyond a photo-responsive threshold for said photosensitive material providing a volumetric patterning, and
• wherein said development module removes one of regions of said layer of said photosensitive material that are exposed beyond said photo-responsive threshold or regions of said layer of photosensitive material that are not exposed beyond said photo-responsive threshold to provide a three-dimensional structure from said layer of said photosensitive material.