Anticoagulant compounds and methods and devices for their use

An implantable scaffold comprising:

• a scaffold structure configured to be implanted in a mammal's vasculature;
• a direct factor IIa inhibitor comprising argatroban disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• a direct factor Xa inhibitor comprising apixaban or rivaroxaban disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• and
• an anti-proliferative agent disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• wherein the direct factor IIa and direct factor Xa inhibitors generate a tissue concentration adjacent to the scaffold structure of 0.2 ng/mg to 100 ng/mg of the inhibitors within about 3 hours to about 28 days, wherein the inhibitors are each present in amounts to synergistically reduce blood clot formation, and wherein the direct Factor Xa inhibitor to the direct Factor IIa inhibitor has a weight compositional ratio of from about 1:1 to about 1:3.

An implantable scaffold comprising:

• a scaffold structure having a surface configured to be implanted in a mammal's vasculature;
• a direct factor IIa inhibitor comprising argatroban disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• a direct factor Xa inhibitor comprising at least one of apixaban or rivaroxaban disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• and
• an anti-proliferative agent comprising an mTOR inhibitor or paclitaxel or a salt, isomer, solvate, derivative, metabolite, or prodrug thereof disposed over at least a portion of the scaffold structure;
• wherein the direct factor IIa and direct factor Xa inhibitors generate a tissue concentration adjacent to the scaffold structure of 0.2 ng/mg to 100 ng/mg of the inhibitors within about 3 hours to within about 28 days, wherein the inhibitors are each present in amounts to synergistically reduce blood clot formation, and wherein the direct Factor Xa inhibitor to the direct Factor IIa inhibitor has a weight compositional ratio of from about 1:1 to about 1:3.