Electrode and method for producing the same

An electrode comprising:

• a conductive film which comprises:
• a material having one or plural layers of particles of a layer body represented by:
• wherein M is at least one metal of Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, X is a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is not less than 1 and not more than 4, and m is more than n but not more than 5, and
• a modifier or terminal T existing on a surface of the layer body, wherein T is at least one selected from a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an oxygen atom, and a hydrogen atom;
• and
• a π electron conjugated compound attached to the particles, wherein the π electron conjugated compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an ascorbic acid, an erythorbic acid, a dibutylhydroxytoluene, a tocopherol, a butylhydroxyanisole, a catechin and a catechin derivatives.