Distillation unit and method for separating a liquid substance mixture into two to six liquid product flows with different compositions

A distillation unit (100 000) for continuously separating a liquid substance mixture (10) into n liquid product streams (201, 202, . . . 20n) of differing composition and a gaseous product stream (300), where n is a natural number in the range from 2 to 6,

• wherein the distillation unit (100 000) comprises
• (I) an evaporation unit (10 000) for partially evaporating the liquid substance mixture (10) to be separated, with withdrawal of n liquid bottom streams (21, 22, . . . 2n) and 1 to n gas streams (31, 32, . . . 3n) from the evaporation unit (10 000),
• (II) a distillation column (20 000) for obtaining the gaseous product stream (300), wherein the distillation column (20 000) is not a dividing wall column, and
• (III) at least one feed device (1 100-1, 1 100-2, . . . 1 100-n) for introducing the liquid substance mixture (10) to be evaporated, wherein the at least one feed device (1 100-1, 1 100-2, . . . 1 100-n) leads
• (IIIa) into the evaporation unit (10 000) or
• (IIIb) into the distillation column (20 000),
• and wherein in addition
• (Ia) the evaporation unit (10 000) has n evaporation devices (10 000-1, 10 000-2, . . . 10 000-n), from which the n liquid bottom streams (21, 22, . . . 2n) are withdrawn, wherein in the case (IIIa) at least one of the n evaporation devices is assigned a feed device (1 100-1, 1 100-2, . . . 1 100-n) for introducing the liquid substance mixture (10) to be evaporated,
• wherein each of the n evaporation devices (10 000-1, 10 000-2, . . . 10 000-n) has a circulation device (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . 1 200-n) for recycling a first portion of each of the withdrawn n liquid bottom streams (21, 22, . . . 2n) into the respective evaporation device, wherein each of the n circulation devices (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . 1 200-n) has a discharge device (1 300-1, 1 300-2, . . . 1 300-n) for continuously discharging one of the n liquid product streams (201, 202, . . . 20n), wherein each discharge device (1 300-1, 1 300-2, . . . 1 300-n) is fluidically connected to the respective circulation device (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . 1 200-n) such that a second portion of each of the n liquid bottom streams (21, 22, . . . 2n) is discharged via the discharge device (1 300-1, 1 300-2, . . . 1 300-n);
• and
• (IIa) the distillation column (20 000) comprises:
• devices (2100-1, 2100-2, . . . 2 100-n) for receiving the 1 ton gas streams (31, 32, . . . 3n) withdrawn from the evaporation unit (10 000),
• devices (2 200-1, 2200-2, . . . 2 200-n) for recycling a liquid bottom stream from the distillation column (20 000) into at least one of the n circulation devices (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . 1 200-n), in the case (IIIb) into each of the n circulation devices (1 200-1, 1 200-2, . . . 1 200-n), and
• a discharge device (2 300) for continuously discharging the gaseous product stream (300), optionally in condensed form (310).