Apparatus for an extracorporeal blood treatment

An apparatus for an extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient, said apparatus comprising:

• an extracorporeal blood circuit including a dialyzer,
• a dialyzate circuit,
• a control unit, and
• an online clearance monitor configured to take clearance measurements in real time and to send measurement values of clearance to the control unit, wherein
• the dialyzer comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, and a semipermeable membrane,
• the extracorporeal blood circuit is in fluid communication with the first chamber of the dialyzer,
• the dialyzate circuit includes the second chamber of the dialyzer and further comprises a dialyzate pump that is in fluid communication with the second chamber of the dialyzer, and a dialyzate supply system comprising either (i) different dialysis solutions of different concentrations, stored in different bags, or (ii) a reservoir of dialysis solution and means to vary respective concentrations of one or more ingredients of the dialysis solution,
• the first chamber and the second chamber are separated from one another by the semipermeable membrane,
• the dialyzate pump is configured to convey a dialysis solution through the dialyzate circuit;
• the control unit is configured to operate the apparatus in a first phase of hemodialysis and in a second phase of hemodialysis,
• the control unit is configured to set a duration of the first phase of hemodialysis based on one or more patient parameters including a concentration of at least one component, the at least one component being present at a concentration in the patient's blood,
• the control unit is configured to operate the dialyzate pump at a first flow rate during the first phase of hemodialysis,
• the control unit is configured to operate the apparatus in the second phase of hemodialysis following the first phase of hemodialysis,
• the control unit is configured to operate the dialyzate pump at a second flow rate during the second phase of hemodialysis,
• the control unit is configured to set a concentration of the at least one component, in the dialysis solution in the first phase, to be of a relatively higher first concentration, and
• the control unit is configured to control the dialyzate supply system to provide a concentration of the at least one component, in the dialysis solution in the second phase, to be of a second concentration that is relatively lower than the first concentration and that is set in dependence on the measurement values of clearance sent to the control unit from the online clearance monitor.