Non-interferometric, non-iterative complex amplitude reading method and apparatus

A non-interferometric, non-iterative complex amplitude reading apparatus for implementing a non-interferometric, non-iterative complex amplitude reading method, the reading apparatus includes an optical system and electronic devices;

• wherein the optical system includes a laser, a beam collimator, a first ½ wave plate, an aperture, a first imaging component, a first polarizer, and a transmission-reflection type first beam splitter arranged in sequence along a propagation direction of an incident light beam;
• an amplitude spatial light modulator is arranged in a propagation direction of a transmission light beam of the first beam splitter, and a second polarizer, a second imaging component, a second ½ wave plate, and a transmission-reflection type second beam splitter are sequentially arranged in a reflection light beam propagation direction of the first beam splitter;
• a phase spatial light modulator is arranged in a transmission light beam propagation direction of the second beam splitter, and a third imaging component and a photodetector are sequentially arranged in a reflection light beam propagation direction of the second beam splitter;
• wherein the electronic devices include one or more processors and memory devices, the memory devices store one or more computer programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors receiving a diffraction pattern captured by the photodetector, implement a plurality of steps:
• step S01:
• diffracting a light beam containing amplitude information and phase information to obtain a diffraction pattern with intensity variations;
• step S02:
• constructing a diffraction intensity-complex amplitude model and training it based on the relationship between the diffraction pattern and the amplitude information and the phase information, and directly obtaining amplitude information and phase information for new diffraction patterns by applying the diffraction intensity-complex amplitude model.