Process for forming tiles and isostatic punch for forming tiles

Process for forming tiles (100), which is characterized in that it provides for:

• a step of arranging a press (200) provided with:
• a first mold (201) carrying, mounted thereon, at least one isostatic punch (1);
• a second mold (202), on which at least one cell (203) is obtained that is intended to receive a building material (204) made of powder;
• in which said press (200) is actuatable between an open configuration, in which said first mold (201) and said second mold (202) are spaced from each other, and a closed configuration, in which said first and second mold (201, 202) are placed against each other, with said isostatic punch (1) arranged for compacting said building material (204) made of powder in the cell (203) of said second mold (202) and forming a tile (100) provided with a visible face (101) and with an opposite internal face (102);
• said isostatic punch (1) comprising:
• a support body (2) in which a containment tank (3) is obtained that is delimited at least by a bottom wall (4);
• a compaction body (5) made of elastically deformable material, placed in said containment tank (3) and having a compaction surface (6), which is opposite said bottom wall (4), is intended to come into contact with said building material (204) and is provided with:
• a plurality of projecting portions (7) arranged for forming corresponding cavities (103) on the internal face (102) of said tile (100);
• and with
• a plurality of recesses (8) interposed between said projecting portions (7) and arranged for forming corresponding feet (104) projecting on the internal face (102) of said tile (100);
• a compensation circuit (9) placed within the containment tank (3) of said support body (2), interposed between the bottom wall (4) of the containment tank (3) of said support body (2) and the compaction surface (6) of said compaction body (5), and extended at at least part of the recesses (8) of said compaction surface (6);
• feeding means (10) placed in fluid communication with said compensation circuit (9) in order to feed it with a pressurized fluid;
• a loading step, in which, with said press (200) in said open configuration, said building material (204) made of powder is introduced into the cell (203) of said second mold (202);
• a feeding step, in which said pressurized fluid is provided in said compensation circuit (9) by said feeding means (10) in order to form pockets (11) of pressurized fluid at at least said part of the recesses (8) of said compaction surface (6) of said compaction body (5);
• a pressing step, in which said press (200) is actuated from said open configuration to said closed configuration, in which the compaction surface (6) of the compaction body (5) of said isostatic punch (1) press said building material (204) made of powder in the cell (203) of said second mold (202) in order to form said tile (100), said pressurized fluid in said pockets (11) increases a compression exerted, on said building material (204), by said compaction surface (6) at said recesses (8) for forming said feet (104) and said pressurized fluid is redistributed in said compensation circuit (9) from pocket (11) to pocket (11) in order to make uniform the compression exerted by said compaction surface (6) at said recesses (8).